Mingo Misawnarihai leia Kohrana Inthena le a Kakhawk

[By Prof LAL DENA*, INPUI-News&Info Exclusive]
(Before reading this seminar paper you may want to read MingoMisawnari Kalhmang le Chanchintha)
Delhi Seminar paperah ei thupui thre nawi pakhatah khan mingo misawnarihai inrem nawnain kohrana inthrena le inkhingna a hung irsuok dan tlangpui chauh ei hril a. Kha taka mawphurtu bik - William Pettigrew, Watkin Roberts le Herbert H.Coleman hai mizie le thilthaw suol khan kohrana inthrena le intaina voisun chen hin, cancer natna sukdam thei lo angin eini lai zung a la kei zing a. Natna a nat dan le a natna san ei zong suok hnunga, a sukdamna ei hriet thei angin, khi mingo misawnarihai thil thawsuolhai, an thawsuolna sanhai le a kakhawk histawri sirsanin zuk sui nawk met ei tih; an thawsuolna haia inthoka ei insiemthrat beiseina lei chauhin.

1 William Pettigrew le Watkin Boberts buoina: William Pettigrew le Watkin Roberts kara buoina kha dokrin lei ni loin, rongbawlna biel inchu lei a nih. A hmaa ei hril ta angin, Manipur tlangram pumpui chu ABM biela hriet a nih a. Amiruokchu, kum 14 veng vong Manipur tlangramah Pettigrew-in rong lo bawl ta sien khom, Manipur sim thlang ruok chu kum 1909 tawp chen khom khan chanchin thra varin a la khaw phak naw zing. Tu khomin sim thlang biela rong an la bawl naw ti suonlamin Watkin Roberts, Aizawla um chun Thado-Kookie Pioneer Mission (TKPM) an din tah a nih. Hi a mission indin thar hi Welsh magazine Goleuad-ah “the mission was formed by Mr Watkin Roberts and his friends in the beginning of 1910” tiin kum1912-in insuo a nih.

December 1910 thla bulin Dr. Fraser hai nupa le W.Roberts chu Shillonga inkhawmpui hmang dingin, Silchara um Welsh misawnari T.W.Reese, Mrs Reese, Ms E.M.Lloyd hai chu an zuk fin a, an rengin Khasi Hills tieng panin an suok dok a. Manipura inthoka hung thla ve Dr O.Oswald Williams le William Pettigrew hai khom Badarpur rel chawlna hmunah an intuokpui a. Hi trum hin inchibaia an inhmelhriet tuo hnungin, Manipur sim thlanga Roberts-in rongbawlna a tran thu khom Mrs. Reese-in Pettigrew a hril nghal a; Pettigrew-in kalna thu ieng khom a hril nawh. Pettigrew-in August 29, 1911-a Roberts lekha a thonnaah khom “Sim thlanga Thado-Kukihai laia Pathien malsawmna an dong thu i ripawt kan lo hrietin lawmum kan tih a, ringtharhai chungah iengkim tluong takin a fe pei kan ring”tiin a ziek. Hienga lawmpuina thu Pettigrew-in Roberts a hei thon nawk lei hin Roberts khom lung muong takin a um a nih awm.

Sienkhom hun sawt nawte hnunga, W.Pettigrew khan T.W.Reese-a inthokin Roberts chanchin le ama puola Pioneer Mission chu Welsh Mission hrietpui khom ni loa a phun a nih ti a hriet chieng phing leh, September 26-28,1911-a Shillong-a Welsh Mission District Committee inkhawm mek hai kuomah official takin Roberts mission thar an thlop le thlop naw thu a zuk indon el ta a. Welsh Mission District Committee khom chun Guwahatia American Baptists inkhawm hai kuomah Roberts rongbawlna an hrietpui naw thu chu November 1, 1911-a inthlahrung deuin an intlun a. Chu phing leh Pettigrew chun Roberts hnuoia Pioneer Worker po po le Roberts tak ngiel khom Manipura inthoka hnot suok vong dingin thrang a lak nghal a. Chu lei chun Pioneer Mission hnuoia ringtharhai chu kum tam tak suknawmnatna le mani khawzawlah khom sakhuo zalenna nei thei loa khuokhirin an um pha a nih. Chu chu misawnari inti Pettigrew infui pawrna le hekna lei lieu lieua thil tlung a nih.

2. William Pettigrew mizie le a thil suksuolhai: William Pettigrew hi Scotish pachal, mi vervek le mi tlon lungawi thiem tawp a nih..

2:1. Misawnari ni si, mingo rorelna khawl (colonial establishment)-ah Hon.School Inpector, Census Superintendent, Indopui Pakhatna hun laia Commissioned Officer-a thok, Manipur Labour Corps-a Naga le Kuki mi 3000 neka tam rekrut theitu le Kuki helhai tukdolna dinga Kuki Punitive Measures-a a kul a taia thrang a nih. Pathien thil le Kaisar thil bawm khatah sie thiem; a chan thratna ding a ni phot chun Manipur State Durbar membarhai le Manipur Maharaja suklungawi thiem em em a nih. Chu chu a ruol thra tak J.C.Higgins Durbar-a Preseident le hi hnunga Political Agent thrangpuinain a thaw thei a nih. Higgins kha Manipur-a a um sung po po William Pettigrew kaiza vengtu le thrangpuitu thlawn ngai lo a nih.

2:2 Cole Sapin TKPM-ABM ramri kum 1917-a a thre fel khan Pettigrew kha a lung a awi tak tak chuong nawh. Misawnari ni si, phuba lakna lungril put zing, rul tur vawn ang a nih. Tri ding le tri naw ding a hriet a. Cole Sap kha Higgins neka senior lem a ni leiin, Manipura Political Agent-a a um sung po khan Pettigrew kha to an chu mei mei a nih. Cole Sap Higgins-in kum 1917-a inthoka a hung thlak hnungin Pettigrew le Higgins thrangruolin Pioneer worker-hai chunga nun an hei rawng nawk tah a. Pioneer worker-hai ABM zom nuom nawtuhai chu, Churachandpur SDO thu inpektirin an inhai an raw pek a, mi tam tak lunginah an khum bok a. L.Keivom lem chun “Hieng ang ema misawnaria insal ve Pettigrew lungsenna le kalna leia Kristienhai chunga sorkarin kut a thlak el hi a makin, Kaisar nunrawng Nero a min hriet suoktir rum rum hiel a nih. Chun, a makna nawk chu, hieng tuorna rapthlak tak hai hi Sap misawnarihai le British sorkara roreltu mingo inerna le intheidanain a ir suok vong a nih. Hi hun hi Manipura Kristien inti ve British sorkar rorel hun sunga bung le chang tiem inzak um tak laia mi ni rop a tih,”(L.Keivom; Zoram Khawvel-6, p.132).

2:3 Hieng anga Pioneer Mission-a rongbawltu le ringtharhai an suot hi dit tawk loin, ABM remtina la hmasa loa a bielah Pioneer Mission an dina, a mission a sukbuoi tiin Pettigrew chun Roberts chu Council of Missions-ah a hek nawk a. Chuonga hekna lei chun December 1922 khan TKPM chu mission inzomkhawm pawla inthokin hnot dok a hung ni ta a nih.

2:4. William Pettigrew hi misawnari inti si, Manipur sorkara nina a hauh leiin, British officer ang bawkin a nuom hun huna a ram mihai sorkawng thei a nih. Tipaimukh-a an zin trum khomin hmun tam taka a rammi haiin Pettigrew kha nisa hnuoia an zawn nghe nghe. Hi trum hin pawt phurtu le hnungzuitu mi sawmnga vel a ruoi a. Chuong lai hun chun pawt phur man ni khata patlingin British poisa pence ruk vel an hlaw hlak. Pettigrew chun pence khat le a chanve hu chauh a pek tawl.

2:5. Pettigrew hi mani chan chauh ngaituo mi (personal ego) nei lien em em a nih bok a. A misawnari chanpui le a rongbawlpui ngei G.C.Crozier-hai nupa leh khom sawt an thok hmun khat thei nawh. Mingo misawnari tam tak kha hnam chapo le mani chauh inngaituo (ego-centric) le racial prejudice hauh an ni tawl a. A ram mi an thu thua an thaw thei hai chungah an lu an ling a; anni sap le sap karah chu kar awl an nei tei hlak. Misawnari J.H.Lorrains le F.W.Savidge anga inruol thra kha chu vang khat te an nih.

3. Watkin Roberts thawthrel threnkhat: Watkin Roberts mizie indik tak chu L.Keivom-in hieng hin a lo ziek a: “Histawri siemtuhai hi an tlatna muol sengah mi dangdai an ni nuom hle a. Ama (Roberts) khom hi a tlatna tienga pa dangdai le lulul, dawl zawra zawr nuom der lo mi a ni a. Pa zaidam, hmangaina hauh tak, mi po po ama ang lungril put ve vong dinga ring nuom mi, thu dika a hriet chu ama chauh khomin thi huoma tran ngam, pa taima le huoisen, ringnaa innghat le kal pen mi, tuol kut hmanga ram thim rongbawlna hma lak poimawzie hre chiengtu, mani kea ngir le mani kut hmanga inenkol le intodel nun poimawzie a thu el ni loa, a tak ngeia Zo nauhai zirtirtu le kawkhmutu a nih a. Thlarau boral sansuokna ding a ni phot chun tu daisak khom ni sien, hmangaina leia inza nachang hre lo der ang hrima ner nuom pei mi a ni leiin, a misawnari chanpuihai le rureltuhai le an inchal tau chang a um reng a, chuleia tuorna pan sera sipa a nih. Mi dangdai a ni ang hrimin mi dangdai bokin an hip a. Chuong ang mi rong bawlpui dinga a lak threnkhathai chu ama ta dinga rulngan tri um tak taka lo inchang ta lem, thi pha el ding khopa lo inchuk hreptu an nih. Mi mizie a ring suol leia ama le a misawnin a tuor nasatzie chu a damsung hlaa a thunon tak a nih” tiin (L.Keivom; Zoram Khawvel-6:p.15). Hi hin Roberts nungchang, mizie, lungril put dan, a sinthaw dan kalhmang le a hringnun fe pei dan tawiten a hril kim vong a nih.

Watkin Roberts-in chanchin thra hril darna dinga a thrahnemngaina le bohmanghai an voi zie hi ngaisang a um. Vaihnung rama eini lai chanchin thra hrilin sikul dam a hung hong trana; chu zara chu mi le sa laia hriet ve ei hung ni pha a nih. Amiruokchu, a thaw dan kalhmang indik nawin kakhawk a hauh a, chu hai chu abat batin zuk sui nawk ei tih.

3:1. A chunga ei hril ta angin misawnari hotuhan mission society dang dang kara buoina a um nawa ding tiin thuthlung an lo zam sa a um a; chu chu Roberts khan inza lo le a lo um hmasa ABM rawn der hmasa loa mission an din leiin dan a bawsiet a. Chu bakah, Cachar, Tripura le Burma ram chena mission um hmasa hai bie hmasa loin biel a zauh pei a, hmelmatu a siem rawn deuh deuh. L.Keivom trongkam bok zuk haw nawk vak inla, ‘Van Court-a ngir ding ni sien, ngaituo um kher naw nih’; amiruokchu, mission society danghai lung a tuok naw leiin mission inzomkhawm pawla inthokin hnot suokin a um ti ei hril ta kha..

3:2. Watkin Roberts-in Dr P.Fraser-hai nupa Mizorama a hung zui khan, Fraser-hai rongbawlna hnuoia um a, mission dang hai le inkal theina ding thil hrim hrim thaw lo dinga an tiemkamna a bawsiet bok leiin, Roberts kha hotu thu awi lo le a pu Dr.P.Fraser chen lu sukhaitu a nih. Hi thuah hin Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Foreign Mission Society (WCMFMS), Liverpool-a Director-han February 16,1912-in D.E.Jones le Fraser an hung zilhau a; Dr Fraser khomin February 27, 1924-in Roberts a thlau thlak thu ziek ngeiin a puong ta a nih.

3:3. Ram danga misawnaria fe suok ding hai hrim hrim, an testimony le bio-data fimkhur taka mission home office-in a enfel vong hmasa zet a. Chu taka laka um hai chu an fena ram zirin training lawkna an lo inneitir hlak. Khang ang misawnari dinga intuoi hriemna le training lawkna kha Watkin Roberts-in a nei nawh.

3:4. Watkin Roberts kha Church Elder/Pastor namdetna khom a nei nawh. Dr P.Fraser hai nupa leh khan Castle Square Presbyterian Church, Caenarforn-a kai ve ve an nih. Mizorama an hung suok hma khan hi Prebyterian Church-ah hin Fraser kha Church Elder a nih tah. Roberts-in Pioneer mission an din hnung daih, Cole Sap-in TKPM-ABM ramri a siem fela boruok a hung zang deuh khan, North Lushai Presbytery (NLP)-ah pastor namdetna hnina a siem a. NLP chun September 20-24,1917-a an inkhawmpuinaah hieng hin thu tlukna pahni an siem: resolution 7-na: an mission kalchawi dan le inkhuong ruola iengkima Roberts-in a thlop ding chun namdetna a hnina hi assembly phaa ngaituo dingin an recommend; resolution 8-na: TKPM thruoituhai lai an kohran le NLP inkarah inzomna det lem le inthrangpui tuona um hi ditna a um a; assembly nei hunah NLP le TKPM palaihan ngaituo raw hai se. Roberts hin a khaw hnungin pastor namdetna hi a hnia, an pek am ti ruok chu hrietchiengna a um nawh. Chun, R.Dala khom kha pastora namdettu kha an um chie nawh, ‘Pathienin a namdet’ ti a nih top el.

3:5. Mission hmun nghet phun a nina taphota - self-supporting, self-administering and self-propagating principles hmangin misawnarihan an ringtharhai um chilin education an peka, leadership an inchuktir hlak. L.T.Sinate chun Roberts mission indin dan kalhmang kha “Thuthlung Thar bua tirkohaiin mission field khawtina kohran an phun dan, inop dan an siempui dan, khawsung kohran tin mania inenkoltir a, ringtu tin chanchin thra puong dartu an innitir dan kha a zui hlein ei hriet” tiin a lo ziek a (Lalthankhum Sinate; Kohran Hring, 2001,p.157). Tirko hmasahai an hlawtling sia, ieng leia Roberts kha a hlawtling naw mana? ti hi sui tham a um. Tirko Paula’n tuoltro kohran an dinna hmun hrim hrima a um chil a, foundation thra tak a rem hnungin a suok san chauh a; chu hnunga khom taksa khawsak dan ding le thlarau tieng kalchawi dan ding thu thra tinrengin a chawm hlak. Roberts ruok chun ram thara (vargin areas) rong bawl loin, mi dang biel bawpen saah rong a bawl leiin, mi theida a hlaw pha lem a nih.

3:6. Pioneer Mission worker-hai kha Prebyterian inthruoi dan kalhmanga fe an nih a. Pioneer Mission-a sinthaw Mizorama inthoka misawnari le tirko hung hai po po kha Welsh Mission kut suok vong an nih. Cole Sap-in D.E.Jones, Aizawla um kuomah Welsh Mission-in Pioneer Mission hi enkawl el hai sien tiin thurawn a hei pek a. D.E.Jones chun hi thuah hin R.J.William, Director, WCMFM, Liverpool-a um chu May 19, 1915-in hieng ang hin lekha a zuk thon a: “TKPM enkol sa dinga rotnaa ka ngaidan Col. Cole-in min donin a mimal lekhathon ka hmu a. Kum liem taah khom khan khu lai bielah khun kan Director-han rong an bawl nuom nawh ti ka hriet tah a, ieng am an ti nawk ding ti ka hriet nawh tin ka don let a; a hmun ngeia misawnari um nghatu um loin rong bawl nuom naw ni hai ti ka ring dan ka hril sa bok a. Mr W.R.Roberts-in Manipura a um phal a ni nawna san tak a mi hril ngai nawh a; vadunga (Tuiruong) inthoka Senvon panna lampui duk dak a um naw leiin a um thei naw thu le Mingo nuhmei lem chu fe thei naw tawp a tih tiin a mi hril a. Lampui thu lem chu engineer-hai sin a ni a, ei mission-in rong a va bawl ding chun sorkar thrangpuinain lampui chu siem ni el naw nim” tiin. D.E.Jones lekhathona inthok hin Roberts-in a harsatnahai po po a kuomah an tlun nawh ti a chieng a. Chun, Cole Sap rotna kha D.E.Jones chun a hnawl fihlim nawh ti khom an lang. Kum 1917-a Cole Sap Imphal-a Political Agent-a a hung trumin kha rotna bok kha R.Dala le an inhmu trumin a hril nawk a. R.Dala’n a pawm naw phing leh, TKPM-ABM ramri a thre fel chauh a nih. Pioneer Mission-in WCMFMS khawvel pumpui huopa rongbawl an zom naw kha an suksuol a nih. Zom hai sien chu ABFMS khomin inzang an tih. Chubaka, Welsh Mission le British roreltu pawl inlaichina kha a thra bok a; Welsh Mission-in harsatna tuok sien British roreltuhai khan thlathlam ngai naw ni hai.

3:7 Roberts-in London Home Council le American Home Council an din kha thaw dan thra a nih. Amiruokchu, Council pahnihai aman enkol loa, Kolkata tieng a maksan nawk kha a thaw suol a nih. London Home Council sukboin, American Home Council a sukliena, board member sawmpakhat – H.Horne, Wittingham, Dobsons, A.E.Hughes, Dr J.E.Turnley, W.T.Sanders, Phibbs, John C.Williams (Home Director), W.G.Walter (Chairman, London Council sukbo a ni hma), Rev.R.B.Jones le A.Noris hai an nih.

Hi board hi Roberts ngeiin inrawi a ta, mission fielda mi dang a tir lem ding a nih. Hi hi a thaw naw leiin, a khaw hnungin a board member laia pathumin an hung suom thlak a nih kha. Chu chu a hnuoia hin ei la hung tarlang ding a nih.

4. Herbert H. Coleman: Coleman hi NEIGM-a a hung lut hmaa a chanchin ei hriet tlawm hle. A rongbawlpui Paul Rostad, Ella Rostad, F.C.Benson le mi danghai biographical notes chu hmu thei a nih. Coleman bio-data ruok hi chu Philadelphiah khom hmu zo a ni nawh thu kohran thruoitu pakhatin a mi hril. Ieng khom ni sien, ama hi pa hmel thra le thothang thra tak a nih. NEIGM a zom hmaa a chanchin ei hriet thei sun chu sumdawng mi a nih. L.Keivom chun Indopui Pakhatna lai phal nawna hmuna zu tol le zor ruk leia hung hausa niin an hril tiin a ziek.(L.Keivom; ‘Arthakzawl Pawlitiksi le Mission Buoina’ Thuro, April-May,1986, p.5). Pieng thar hma chun ieng po khom a lo thaw thei. Tirko Paula khom a pieng thar hma chun Kristienhai sunnomnatu le tangina khumtu a nih. John B.Cole chun ‘A Tesimonial’ ti thupuia hmangin Coleman chanchin hieng ang hin a lo ziek a: “New York-a Kristien thruoitu pakhat chun sumdawng mi pakhat inhmupui a nuom a. Chu sumdawng mi chu H.H.Coleman a nih. Factory-a a office lien tak el chu va sirin, Coleman chu National Bible Institute of New York le inzomna neiin an hril ti a hriet a. Hun tawite an hohlim hnung chun dingthrathruona trongtraina a hei rot chun, inhong takin (Coleman-in) a remti nghal a. An trongtrai zo an hang tho chun, a (Coleman) mithaia inthok chun mitthli farin, a sumdawngpuihai leh Christian fellowship a la nei ngai naw thu dam a hril a. Chu nia inthok chun a thi chenin a ringtu chanpuihai leh thlaraua inlaichina tam lem neiin fellowship a nei tran tah” tiin. (John B.Cole; A Testimonial, North East India Tidings, October,1947, p.14)

Kum 1924 khan Coleman-in NEIGM American Home Council-ah office assistant sin a thaw tran a. Rochunga Pudaite article ‘Friction between IBPM and NEIGM’ sirsanin Darsanglien Ruolngul chun Coleman chu: “Mi taima le rem hre tak a ni leiin, sin a thaw thra hlein Council-in an hmuh a. Chu lei chun, hun sawt nawte hnungah chun American Council chun General Secretary dingin a ruot el tah a” tiin. (Darsanglien Ruolngul; Chanchinchintha Kalchawi, Part I&II,2003, p.59). L.Keivom ruok chun American Council-a J.T.Bougher chairman a ni laiin Coleman hin NEIGM a hung zom a. Bougher hin Coleman hi mi tri uma a ngai tlat leiin Roberts kuomah ban dingin a hang rot a, chu rotna chu pom nekin Roberts chun Coleman inpakna thu hrilin lekha May 28, 1927-in a zuk thon let a nih. (L.Keivom; Zoram Khawvel-6, 2000, pp.151-152). Khieng thuhaia inthok khin H.H.Coleman chu ‘insel theina mihriem’(controversial person) a ni ngei zie an hriet thei. NEIGM buoina thu chu L.Keivom, Darsanglien Ruolngul le Lalthankhum Sinate haiin kimchang taka an ziek ta leiin pur sei ta nawng ei tah. Amiruokchu, hi buoinaah hin ieng tin am Coleman-in mawphurna a nei a, ieng tin am NEIGM phuntu Roberts bana, Coleman kha NEIGM neitu a hung ni thei el leh ti hi zuk sui chieng tum lem ei tih.

NEIGM a hung buoi tran char khan William Pettigrew-in Coleman a thlop nghal. NEIGM sunga buoina a hung zuol pei kha William Pettigrew le Higgins-in an hriet vong. Kum 1928-in Pettigrew New York-a zun zin a. Philadelphia-ah Pettigrew-in Coleman a van hmupui a. Home Council-in J.C.William, Dr J.E.Turnley le H.H.Coleman fielda thil en fel dinga an hung kha Pettigrew-in a hrietpui. December,1928-a Home Council palai J.C.William, Dr J.E.Turnley le H.H.Coleman Imphal an hung tlung khan Political Agent J.C.Higgins, W.Pettigrew le Dr G.C.Crozier an inhmupui a, ni iemani zat Imphalah an cham. Background Note on NEIGM Conflict ti original document sirsana L.Keivom-in a buotsai paragraph tawpnaah thu inthup hieng ang hin a um: “…the Delegation promised to withdraw Mr Roberts from having anything to do with the Mission (NEIGM), in return for supposed concession in Manipur, Mr Higgins pledged himself to do all he could for them on this condition”. Hi taka thu phierrukna ra suok chu iem a na? NEIGM chu ‘Roberts pawl le Coleman pawl’ tia inthrein buoi namen loin an hung buoi tah. J.C.Higgins, Political Agent chu inrolin, November 22, 1930-in official order an suo a, H.H.Coleman chu NEIGM neitu a hung ni tah a nih. In return for supposed concession in Manipur ti chu Higgins-in a sukpuitling a ni ta chu. Hienga thupek an suo hnung le, Roberts-in Indo-Burma Pioneer Mission siema an kei dei hnung khomin, Higgins khan Roberts le rawihai chu sipai tha hratna hmangin a la hnot zui pei a. Cosgrave, Assam, kuomah May 23,1930-a Higgins chun hieng ang hin ripawt a la zuk thon nawk a: “Mr Coleman ripawt dan chun Mr W.Roberts chun sim thlang tlangram tieng mission thar ‘Indo-Burma Pioneer Mission (IBPM) an din tah a. Mizo ramri bul Tipaimukh-ah McCall, Political Superintendent, Aizawl khom a thang mek a, mi a man thei zat zat man dingin ka heih hril a nih. Mr W.Roberts hi ei la sop zoi zot tawk naw niin ka hriet” tiin. Hi hun lai boka hin North East India Tidings (NEIGM monthly news magazine) chun, hieng ang hin chanchin a lo insuo ve a: “Mr Coleman claims that all the concessions given in Manipur were recently given to him, after others had failed many many years” tiin.

Thu kharna: Mingo misawnarhai kara inrem nawna leiin hohrana inthrena chi tuin a um a. Chu ra chu voisun ni chena ei ram kohranin a konkawpui tak chu a nih. William Pettigrew khan eini lai direct takin rong a hung bawl nawa chu, ama leia a ram mi poi tawk lo han an tuor nasat zie dam le NEIGM sunga buoinaah J.C.Higgins hun tawp chena an hung inrol dan kha Krista aia palai sinthawtu thaw awm chu a ni nawh. Kha buoinaa inthok khan hnam le hnam inlak bingna chauh ni loin, hnam khat sunga khom buoina le inthrena namenlo a suok a. Ei kohran histawri khom Watkin Roberts le H.H.Coleman tarmit kher hmang naw chun ei thlir thei ta nawh. Misawnari hmasahai khom an thilthaw thrat chauh ei hril uora, an thawsuolhai ei hriet naw lei amani hmu naw tehlem ei thaw a. Kohran pawl khatin Roberts thilthaw thrat hmu lo der thawin, a suksuolna chauh an hril uor a. Kohran dangin H.H.Coleman chu hlimna do, a lo thaw suolhai chauh hmua, a thaw thrat hmu khumkhel tlattu an um bawk a. Hieng hi thil um dan a ni leiin February 5, 1910 le May 7, 1910 danglamna khom thlier hrang thei lo khopin ei beng a ngong zo an tah hi! Kum za rauh Kristiennain a mi chenchil trep tah a; a var chu a var, a dum chu a dum ti ngam ta inla. Mani inenfiena (self-examination) chauh khom ni lo, mani indik nawna khom phorsuok ngamna (self-confession or self-criticism) ei nei naw chun, ieng centinery celebration khomin mi sukdanglam chuong naw nih. Mi hmasahai thilthaw thrata inthokin a neka thra lem thaw tum ei ta; an suksuolnaa inthokin suksuol nawk ta lo dingin leson inchuk ei ta. Chu pha chun eini ei insiemthrat baka, Meitei ramthim, Tripura ramthim le Cachar ramthimhaia mission strategy thra lem siemin rongbawlna hlawk lem nei thei tang ei tih. “Khaw lai ram khom mani le mani indo chu an ram hlak; khaw lai khuo le insung khom mani le mani indo taphot chu an ngir suok ngai nawh”Mt.12:25).

[*Editor's Note: Prof Dena, teaches at Manipur University's Dept of History. He is well versed not only with the history of northeast India but has written many articles and books on the history of the Hmar tribe. This well researched material is from his recently held seminar paper]