Halloween party ideas 2015

By LRS Puruolte, Rengkai

Hi thu a hin thlir dan chi hni a um. Pakhatna, Hmar hi Mizo an ni nawh! Hmar hnam hi India Danbu-ah Schedule Tribe laia pakhat a zieklut a ni a, (Schedule Tribes Order 1950, Ministry of Home Affairs Order No. 316 (A) hmangin October, 1956 khan zieklut le puong a lo ni tah). Mizo ti khawm a hran a chuong ang bawk a zieklut a nih. Chuleiin, Hmar ti le Mizo ti hi ngirhmun in ang chara um an nih. Dulien tawng, a hnunga Lusei tawng an hung ti nawk hmang lo po hi chu Mizo nilova ngaina Dulien tawng hmanghai lai a um. Mizo history/chanchin ziektuhai khawmin Mizo tia an sui tak chu Luseihai chau an ni pei hlak. Entirna’n, lekhabu pakhat hang suot inla. V.L. Siama ziek, Mizo History, Mizorama sikul text book a an hmang hiel a chun hiengang hin a ziek a:

 

Mizo hi Mizo rama an luh thlak tirh vel hi kum 1700 A.D. vel a ni. Pawiho nen indo fo an ni a; Mizoho hi a tlem zawk leh a chak lo zawk an ni (Bung III phek 15).

 

Mizo rama Luseiho lo luh tirh lai vel chuan hmar lamah hian Hmarho te, Hrangkhawl te an awm a; chhim lamah Bawmzo te, Khiang te, Dawn te leh Chawraiho te hi an awm a ni. Mizoho lo lut chu an hlau va an pem darh zo ta a (Bung III phek 16).

 

Hi thu laksuoka inthawka thil inlang chu hienghai hi an nih. Pakhatna, Mizo ti le Lusei ti a hmangkarthlaka chu thuhmun charin a hmang a. Mizo a ti hai chu Luseihai an n’a, Lusei a tihai chu Mizo an nih. Pahnina, Mizo a ti laia chun Hmarhai, Pawihai le hnam dangdang, Lusei ni ve lohai chu an thangtir nawh. Pathumna, Mizohai, Mizorama an hung lut hun awm nia a hril 1700 A.D. hma dai hin Hmarhai chu Mizoram an lut hman dai tah a, Tripura, North Cachar Hills le Chittagong Hill Tract chenin an indar hman der tah. Mizorama khaw hming tamtak hi Luseihai an hung thlak hmaa Hmarhai lo chengna hmun, an pahnam hming seng chawia an lo phuok a nih. (Chuonghai chu hieng- Tualte, Zote, Vankal, Vangchia, Khawbung, Khawbung (South/Hlakungpui mual ti a hriet lar bawk), Khawzawl, Biate,… (Champhai Dist.), S. Zote, Darngawn, Hrangchalkawn, Lung-en (Lungsen) Khawlhring khuo (Lunglei Dist.), Chawngte (C), (L), (P)… (Lawngtlai Dist.), Thiak… (Aizawl Dist.) le a dang dang, Mizoram a dil lien tak Burma (Myanmar ni tah) ramah a um ti a hrietlar a um  hlak Rih Dil ngei khawm hi Hmar pahnam laia mi Leiri-hai lo khawsakna hlak, an ni lo phuok, Leiri Dil, A khawhnung a Rih Dil an hung ti ta pei lem anih). Chuleiin, Hmarhai hi Mizo a ti lai a zel ve nawh ti a chieng. Palina, Mizo History hming inputtirna lekhabu an ziekna bu an ni tak a; a ziektuhai khawmin chu sunga chun khum an tum tlat a; hnam dang chanchin an hang ziek ve sun khawm a sieli khawmawia an thaw meimei a nih. Social History khawm hang ziekhai sien, Luseihai nun, an thaw dan deu chau an ziek hlak bawk. Thu le hla nisien, Lusei tawng a hung suok le an inlet fawm tihai naw chu hnam dang hla le thu chu Mizo thila ngai nawna a um. Hieng history buhai hi Lusei History/Lusei chanchin ti lem ding an nih! Chuleiin, Mizo ti hi Lusei tina anga hmang a ni leiin Hmar le hnam dang chu Mizo tia hin an inhuomtir nawh.

 

Thangtharin an hriet thiem thei lo pakhat nawk chu Mizo nunphung inentirna a um changa Luseihai thaw dan chau Mizo nunphunga ngaina a um hi a nih. Luseihai lam dan ti lo chu hieng Mizo-Chin-Kuki-Zo/Zohnathlak- Hmar, Lakher, Pawi, Paite, Thado le hnam dangdang lam chu Mizo lamah  pawm nuom nawna lungril lien tak el a um. Chu chau khawm chu ni lovin, Mizorama inthawk a mi ani ngat naw chun ram le hmun danga Mizo intihai thilthaw chen khawm Mizo aiawa ngai thei nawna lien tak a um bawk. Churachandpur a inthawka Mizo lam pawl, Festival of India, Moscow, Russia a thang dinga thlanghai chun Mizorama Mizohai mit an sukkham chau ni lovin  Mizo aiawa an thang chen chu a theida le kal pawl an um. Hmarhai hi Mizo an ni chun an lam khawm Mizo lam, an tawng khawm Mizo tawnga pawm ding a nih. Mizorama mihaiin Mizo aiawa Hmar lam inentir chu an phal teu teu si nawh. Mizo ni hi Lusei hnama insaphunna ding a ni chun Hmarhai hi Mizo an intinasan/dan ding a um nawh ti ngaidan khau tak el thangtharhai lai a um tlat. Chuchu an dik hrim a nih.

 

Thlirdan pahnina: Hmarhai hi Mizo an nih! Mizo hnamhai hi Linguistic Survey of India (1904) Volume III Part III-ah chun Tibeto-Burma Family hnuoiah Kuki-Chin Group sungah a khum vawng a. www.en.wikipedia.org ah Hmar ei en khawm in Mizo/Chin/Kuki group pakhat angin a hril bawk. Hieng hnamhai hi Myanmar (Burma) ramah chu CHIN tiin an kova. A hung thlang tla hmasa, Bengalihai zu paw hmasatuhai chu KUKI tiin an lo kova. Chu hnung daia Chin Hills-a inthawka Luseihai an hung thlak hnung chun Mizoram popo deuthawah lalna an hung chang tak leiin an hnam bing Lusei chu an hung chawilar a, a ram hming chen khawm Lushai Hills tiin an hung in buk a. Amiruokchu, hi hnam bing hming hi a ni ve lohai tadingin innguptaka put a remchang naw leiin renga inkona dingin MIZO ti hming hi hmang lem a hung n’a (Chuchu November/Thlaphal 1902 vel a intan nia hriet a nih), Lushai Hills khawm Mizo Hills a hung n’a, a hnungah MIZORAM tia thlak a hung ni tah. CHIN, KUKI, MIZO ti hminghai hi a tu hnam bing hming bik khawm an’ naw a, hun le hmun dangdanga mi dangin an mi kona hming an nih. Chu umzie tak chu, Zohnathlakhai popo hi Myanmar ramah chun CHIN, Mizoram (India ramah) chun MIZO, Tripura (India ramah) chun KUKI ti a ko kuol vel el ei nih. China ram Sichuan Province a lem chun Manmasi/Manmasi nauhai ti a ko dam ei lo ni hlak! LUSEI ti ruok chu hnam bing hming, Mizo laia hnam pakhat ve el a nih. Mizo tawng laia Lusei tawng a hung inlar tak leiin Mizo ti hi Luseihai pek bik el ding a ni chuong nawh. Chun, Zohnathlak hai laia thu-le-hla ziektu inlar le suisuoktu hmingthang, Pu L. Keivom IFS (Retd.) in, Mizotawng taktak chu a la pieng naw a, an siem tan mek a nih. Chu Mizo tawng hung pieng ding chu Mizo hnathlak tawng popo lakkhawm le Sap tawng, Hindi, Kawl tawng, Meitei tawng le an kawl le kienga an indawrpuihai tawng an lakluthai le inchekpawl, tawng hmasa tak la ning a tih. Mizo tawng a hung inthanglienna hmun chu Mizoram puo tieng a ni lem ring a um, a san chu tawng dang hung luong lutna le luong suokna dawt an daw rawn lem leiin, a lo ti rawp ta hlak hi a la hung ni thei bawk ding a nih.

 

Chuleiin, hi thlirna tukvera inthawk hin Hmarhai chu Mizo hnam laia pakhat an n’a,chu ngirhmun chu nuom le nuom naw thua thlakthleng el thei an nawh. Ruol chu dit naw chun an thlak thei; piengpui unau nina ruok chu thisena inthlung a ni tlat leiin an thlakthleng thei nawh. Lusei tawng hmang pawlin anni huonga Mizo nina khum tep an tum hin chu ngaidan chun a pawmpui nawh. Mizorama an dil lien tak Rih Dil (Hmar pahnam pakhat Leiri hai a sir vela hun iemani chen an lo khawsakna hlak Leiri Dil an lo ti hlak a khaw hnung deuva Rih Dil an hung ti) chu Myanmar (Burma) ramah a um ang bawkin Mizo hnam le a mipui tam lem dai chu Mizoram puo tieng an um a, Lusei tawng hmang lo an tam lem. Mizo hnathlak popo hi maktaduoi laia Lusei tawng hmang chu nuoi tlawmte met chau an nih. History inkhina rulrin hmang lem chun Mizo hnathlak popo hi nikhat lai el khan tawng khat hmang vawng an nih. An hung indar a, mani puola hmun an hung hluo seng hnungin tuta Mizo hnamhai laia tawng inhrang metmet hai hi an hung suok chau a n’a, chuchu kum zahni sung vel chauva thil um anih.

 

Hiengang ngaidan inphir ni si, indik veve bawk si hi a hung suokna san bulpui tak chu pawlitiks lei a ni deu tak. Mizo Union a vung vanglai chun Lusei tawng hmanglo Mizo hnamhai laia an ruipui le la run tak chu Hmarhai an nih. A san bulpui tak chu rambung khata cheng a, “Mizo Sawrkar” indin an nuom lei a nih. Amiruokchu, ram khat huonga “Mizo Sawrkar” inngir dinga an lo nawrpuina tha kham chu a re hmain Mizoram tienga unauhaiin ani khatin Autonomous District chu an lo pumbil ta a. Tulem hin chu India rama State inthang mek pakhat a lo ni tah nghe nghe. Hienganga inrawn derna khawm um der lo le Hmarhai Mizorama an lut ve thei dan ding hang nawr sinna hlekte khawm um der lova a um lei hin Hmarhai chu‘Mizo’ lakah an hnar a kir tah a nih.

 

Mizo ei nina ang taka pumkhat a ngir a, Insuikhawm leh zai I rel ang u… Sem sem dam dam… Nangni keini… inti biklo dinga inditsakna le infuina tha tak tak el hai popo hi, thu le hla ringawt nilova, a tak ngei a Zohnathlak ha’n ei pal ngeina dingin in nang le kei ei pawimaw tak zet. Chu ding chun, ei theina zawn sengah hma hang la thar tak tak ei tiu khai.

(Destination Hmar Hills – Part 1)
Lungmuong taka hun hmang a lo hlu ngei.

By Robert L. Sungte

Ka pieng le murna ram, zosum bawm tlang dung le daidaw riekna muol le khanghai chu kum thum zet sir hman ta loa India Information Technology hmunpui Bangalore-a khawsa ni lang khom, Hmar Hills ka ngaina hi rè nek hmanin, ‘Hmarram’ ti thumal hi ka lungril phekpuiah 'tattoo' anga nawt bo thei loa inziek hiel am a ni ding, ni tinin ka ngaina a zuol deu deu tlat chu tie! Kan naupang laia tlangsam buk hnuoia bukte bawl a, sephum kan cho suokhai chu insiktir a, inbikbika thaw a, inhnelna chi tum tuma hlim taka kan inhnel hun lai dam kha zanita thil tlung ang elin mitthlaah a la thar a, hlui zai a rÄ•l nuom nawh. Hun liem tahai kha ko kir thei ni sien nuom a um thei ngei.

Chuonga Hmar Hills hmu nawk kar nghakhla taka lungril ka’n len vel lai chun, ‘Iengtik am chawl la thei ka ti aw’, ti'n remchang ka dap vel a. Pathienin hun remchang mi hung siempekin, December 11, 2013 – January 31, 2014 sung chawl lak a hung rem ta thut a. Chuongchun, North East India tieng ni 45 vel hlawk taka hmang dan ding ka nuhmei Lily Parmoi leh kan phan mol mol nghal a.

December 12, 2013 khan, ‘Garden City of India’ ti-a mi hril huoi huoi, Bangalore-a inthok chun vuongnaa Guwahati pan dingin airport panin taxi-in kan intawl suok a. Bangalore International Airport thar lampui hi a ruola motor 10 (10-lane) inpel zut zut theina a ni leiin chawl dêr loin airport, km 35 a hla chu minute 20 velin kan tlung a. Vuongna kan lut hnung chun, kum 2010 a Ruonglevaisuo le Lungthulien inkara Tipaimukh National Highway-a kan inzin trum, lampui thra naw taluo't leia motor a kai thei nawna poah passenger-hai kan trum lai hai dam kha lungril mitah a hung inlang a. Tuihokin a hor kuok lampui inkhurna deu le vadungte le ruom, chirdiek tamna taphotah motor ke intangin sirsana a hmang ding lung pha a, motor ke kara lampui pawng zuolna po bawngtuthlawa cho hnuoi ngat ngat a trûl pei lai le tuta kan lam hraw hang inthlauzie chu hrilin a siek nawh. Ei rama ni khat ei thangnaa hin lamlien thratnaa chuh darkar khat khom a lak nawh.

Bangalore le Guwahati inkar hi vuongnaa fe chun Kolkata sir ngei ngei a ngai: Bangalore-Kolkata-Guwahati.  Darkar thum le a chenve vel sum chungah um a trûl a, ring nekin a sawt nuom el. Ka nuhmei le kan naute, kum khat le thla riet mi chun hadam takin an mi insan a. Kei ruok chu bus a ka chuong dan pangngai anga thawin, vuongna tukvera inthokin sum inzar duoi le a bawm nawna chin, van boruoka tuipui um ni âwm taka inlang chu ka thlir vel a. Mawi tak le hmu nuomum tak khom ni sien, a pangngai ngot darkar thum chuong zet hang en chu a’n hoi sawt chuong nawh. Bus-ah tukver bula ka thrung ruok chun lampui intluonin thil thar hmu ding a tam leiin sun le zan khom hin ka in ngai meuh nawh. Mihriem mizie hi a lo mak ngei! Tipaimukh road anga lam kawi le inkhur det dut um nawna van boruoka ei intawl ham ham khoma ning an tel hman tho a nih!

Kolkata inthoka kan suok,  Bangladesh ram chunga iemani chen kan vuong hnung, India ram kan hei lut tawm chun kan chuongna IndiGo vuongna chun sumpui a nêr leiin a hung intet buk buk a; ngai a thra chie naw ie. Minit hni vel hnungah sumpui intûr ngûk kan ner thleng char chun ka lungrilah hieng hin indonna a hung suok a: "Inhoi taka sawt tak fe am? Annawleh, inhoi naw taka tawite fe?" Hang thlang ding bik hre loin, ka mimawl varna le lekha hrietna khom an inbuon chai chai a, an insel kuol a; anachu, a ieng lem hi'm thai rang lang thrang a ta, ti chu an mi la hril thei hri nawh.

Hung sawt naw teah Guwahati airport-a trum ding kan ni thu pilot chun a hung puong a. Sûm a sà leiin trum dinga vuongna zuk inbir thlak, sum pik a ner lai chun vuongna chu a hung intet nawk buk buk a; tukvera inthoka ka hei en hlak chun an thim mup bok si. Kha hmaa ngai thrat naw ka hril kha chu thra tak a nih. Sum chunga vuong laia khawthlir sukinhoitu sumpui inzar duoihai kha a sung ei hang lut meuh chu a lo inthim nasa ngei!

Nisienlakhom, minute khat hnungah phai leilethai chu fie takin a zuk inlang thei ta a, ngai a thra nawk zăn tah. Ngaituona himaw taka hun tawite um nek chun sawt tak, muk taka thrunga lungril hadam taka um kha a lo van hoi veng veng ngei! Minute hni vel hnungah vuongna ke-in 'runway' a zuk hrut phei a. Dam takin Guwahati kan intawl lut tah a nih.

(Destination Hmar Hills – Part II)

To,

Pu / Mr. Lalringum Riengsete

Kanan Veng, Muolhoi, Haflong.

Pu,

Ruoivel PangamteManmasi Digest Volume IV, July – Aug., 2014 Issue-a Letter To The Editor i ziek kha ka lo tiem a. Hmar á¹­awng Ziek Dàn Thu thupuia hmang a, Manmasi Digest Editor ngaidan i hung indawn kha, Hmar Literature Society chungchàng a ni leiin, a dawntu ding tak niin ka’n ngai a. Ka thaw suol tampui khawm ka ring nawh. A hmasa’n mipui hriet dinga thil á¹­ul le pawimaw, hrilsuokna hun remchang tak i mi siempek hi, ka lawm takzet che. I thil hrilhai hi i hrietchieng naw leia i hril suol iemanizat a um a. Hriet naw na nâ na chun hril dik dàn um nghal lo chu maw…! Sâp Thuvar pakhatin, “Suksuol hi nawn nâwk a ni naw chun ‘suksuol’ a ni nawh. (Mistake is not a ‘mistake’ if not repeated)” a ti hi, ka thuvar a ni ve hlak a. I thuvar ni ve thei sien ka nuom ngawt el.

“THURO issue tin hin article changkang tak tak tiem dinga ka lo in beisei vei leh… ” ti a, line 9-na le line 10-naa i ziek hi, THURO Magazine buoipuituhai chun THURO Magazine-a ‘Article’-hai hi kan inhlutsak le changkâng kan ti em êmhai an ni a. ‘Article changkàng’ ei ti hi a’n ang naw a ni àwm ie maw….! ‘Article’ ziektu ding hin tibîk/ruotbîk tûkhawm ei um nawh a. Nang khawm ‘Article changkâng tak tak’ ziek ve hlak dinga ‘welcome’ i nih.

“..an ngaidan naw deu hleka ziektuhai “Hnam hmelma” anga an puong á¹­huoi el hlak hi chu….” ti a, line 11-na le line 12-naa i ziek ruok hi chu, i hriet suol pal a ni naw khawmin, mi’n an infui pawr chê bèk a ni ka ring. 2010 kum khan HLS chun Press Release a siem a. “Hmar Literature Society chun, Hmar hnamin a fepui mek, Hmar Hawrawp (A, AW, B) inza taka hmangin, BA chena inchuk ding Hmar MIL Text-book-hai a buotsai a. Chu writing style chu chawkchawrawi le sukphuoi tumin mi á¹­henkhatin hmâ an làk a. Chuong anga hnam pui hmalakna kalzawnga hmalatuhai chu hnam hmelmaa ngai an nih” ti thu, Hmar Daily Paper - Hmasawnna Thar-ah insuo a nih. THURO Magazine buoipuituhaiin, an ngaidan naw deu hleka ziektuhai, ‘Hnam hmelmaa’ an puong á¹­huoi hlak thu i ziek hi chu, i phuokfàwm a ni naw chun, mi’n thukhêl an inba che ni ngei a tih. Hrietchienglo hril ding chun i pâm deu naw maw…!

A chunga ka hril, HLS Press Release siem a nina san khi hrilhriet che ka nuom a. Nang khawm, HLS Secretary sin i chel laia thiltlung ni sien, ‘Hnam hmelma’ ti nêka inrum lem le khawng lem, “Hnam Dotu / hnam phatsantu / hnam kalchawina sukkawnkawtumtu” le a dang dang i hmang nuom lem hiel ka ring. Manipur Board hnuoia Hmar á¹­awng hmang, Pawl 10 inchuklai dàm, Pawl 12 inchuklai dàm le BA inchuklaihai sukbuoizàwng le sukbeidawng zàwnga hma latuhai hi, ‘ieng hming’ am pe ve nuom i ti aw...? Letter To The Editor-a i á¹­awngkam hmanghai en chun, nang lem hi chu, i á¹­awngkam inchim hi a nat hmèl khawp el!

Naupangin Hmar á¹­awng an ziek thiem naw le an hmang thiem naw hi, “Literature Society hin ie’m a thaw a n’a? Literature Society hin a sin a hne naw a ni hih…” ti dàm hi a’n ri rawp hlak a. Ṭhenkhatin, ‘Ṭ / á¹­’ aiin ‘TR / tr ‘ an la hung hmang ta deu deu. “Literature Society hin in khap thei naw a ni? Annawleh, á¹­ha tiin in thlawp ve a ni? Hmar Writing norm khawm hum zo lo chun, ’Hmar Literature Society á¹­huoitu’ dàm in inti ngam a…!” ti ri hi, inchat hman lèk lova zawna kan hmasuon hlak chu a nih. Sâwl èm em a, mani insung sinhai maksan a, thâ le zung tamtak le mani sum le paihai chen sêng a, Hmar MIL subject buotsaina le inchuktirnaa hun tamtak khawraltu haiin, HLS hmalakna suká¹­huonawp tumtu le sukkawnkaw tumtuha’n inchuklaihai sukbuoi zàwnga hmâ an làk hei hmu chun….., HLS Secretary lo ni ve hrim la, i enzamin i tosan thei ngùt di’m? Ka ngirhmuna hin ngir ve ngat la chu, Manmasi Digest-a Letter To The Editor-a i thil ziekhai hi i ziek ngam ka ring dèr nawh. Chunêk hman chun, “Hmar Literature Society á¹­huoituhai hi an thuok a lo va’n fuolin, za an lo va hei ngai thei de aw…!” i ti lem vawng vawng ka ring a nih.

 

Pu Riengsete, i thil ziekhai hi ka enin, mi’n an infuipawr mei mei che a ni ka ring phal si naw che a. Thiem inchûknaa khawm iemani chen tak tlung chu i ang vê bawk si...! A Aw B ei nei le neilo khawm hre lohai, an buoi hman ti nâk lai a, nangni mithiem chenin hieng ang thil in hriet thiem tum naw a ni chun, Hmar hnam hmabàk chu a va’n thim àwm dê….! ‘Androcle’s Sword’ dàm kha i lo la tiem naw a ni chun, lo tiem ve ngei dingin ka ràwn che.

 

Chun, ei thil chìk dàn a’n ang nâw hle ti ka hrietna chu, (I ziek ang angin hung ziek sawng pei ka t’a..) “ Hnam dang danghai chu ei va hriet vawng naw khawmin Saphai le Vaihai hi ei hang thlir a, an á¹­awng ziek dàn hi a kumtin deuthaw hin an sukchangkàngin an sukdanglamna hmuin a um…” tia i ziek hi, ka hriet dàn le chu a’n ang nâw hle. Sâpha’n an á¹­awng sukchangkàng tumin an thumal ‘organisation’ hi, vawisun chen hin ‘organization’ tiin an la sukdanglam nawh. ‘Organization’ hi chu American English a nih. Sapá¹­awng ei ti ‘English’ hi, chi iemanizàt a um a. British English (‘English English’ an ti hlak bawk) dàm, American English (‘North American English’ an ti hlak bawk) dàm le a dang dang a um a nih. Chun, Sapá¹­awngah ‘Please’ hi, ‘Pliz’ tiin an ziek ngai bawk nawh. ‘Pliz’ hi chu ‘Please’ lam dàn mei mei a nih. Ṭawng a ni nawh. ‘Colour’ khawm á¹­awng sukchangkàngnaa ‘color’ an ti ni lovin, ‘Colour’ hi English English / British English a ni a, ‘Color’ ruok hi chu American English (North American English) a nih.

 

Sâp thuvarin, ‘A little knowledge is a dangerous thing’ a lo ti nama’n, hrietna tluontlinglo hi á¹­i a um a. Ei hnam hi inhma lai ang khan ei mawl ta nawh ti hi hriet a á¹­ha. Lekhathiem tak tak le thil hre tak tak ei tam ta a. Chuleichun, tu taka Hmar Literature Society á¹­huoituhai khawm hi, tling kan inti tàwl nâw hrim a nih. Pi le pu thuvarin, “Thing umnawnaa chu ruo khawm hmang a ni hlak” a lo ti angin, tling le tlâk intinaw sâ sa a, á¹­hangthar mithiem lemin in mi hung sunzawmpui beisei a, la’n tàng ṭàwk ṭâwk kan ni lem chau a nih. Chuleichun, nang á¹­hangsain, á¹­halaihai hin tlinlo taka kan lo sukhring hràm hrâm, Hmar Literature Society mawphurna hi mi hung phur sâwk thei ta unla kan nuom em êm a nih. Chun, thu á¹­ha in hriethai khawm mi hung hril pei hlak ro aw... Amiruokchu, belchieng dàwl ni tâwl sien la aw…..

 

Chun, “Pal / Paul, Chakraborty / Chakravarty, Assam / Asom, Chaula /Chawla, etc.) tihai hi chu á¹­awng ziek dàn sukchangkângnaa an thaw a ni nawh ti hi, i hriet naw ni lovin, hrietnaw tehlèm i thaw a ni ka ring. Proper Noun an ni a. Hming chu mi’n a nuom dân dànin a ziek thei a. Mi’n ka hming an ziek dàn le keiin ka ziek dàn khawm a’n ang kher kher nawh. Mizorama ka um lai chun, ‘Ruaivela’ tiin ka hming an ziek a. Lamka College-a ka ruolhai, unau Paitehai chun, ‘Rouivel’ tiin ka hming an ziek hlak bawk. Hienga ka hming an ziek lei hin ka hming ka sukchangkàng a ni chuong nawh. Pu H. Thanglawr khawm khan a hming, ‘H.Thanglora’ tiin a ziek a. Mizorama chu, ‘Pu H. Thang Lo Ra’ ti angin an lo lampèk a nih. Chuong ang bawk chun, Pu Rochunga Pudaite khawm, ‘Raw chun ga Padait’ tia mi’n an lam hlak ka hriet ngun el!

 

Ni khat chu nunghak pakhat hin, “Pu Ruoivel, ka hming hi Lalá¹­hamawi a ni a. Mi’n ka hming an lam thiem si naw a. Hmar Literature Society hin, mi’n indik taka ka hming an lam thei dàn ding mi ngaituopek ro ” tiin deusaw deu hin a mi fiem a. Kei chun, “I hming chu tu hai lam thiem dinga ziek am i nuom leh?” tiin ka’n dawn a. Ama chun, “Ka hming hi a tiem taphawtin an tiem dik vawng thei dingin mi ziekpek unla ka nuom a nih” a hung ti nàwk a. Kei chun, “America mihai tiem thei dingin i hming hi ziek ding ni lang, ‘Lulthrumoy’ tia ka ziek ṭûl a t’a. Chu chu Hmar annawleh Lusei á¹­awng hmang haiin tiem dik nàwk thei chuong si naw’ng an t’a. A’n khaw mei mei naw ding maw? Entirna hnai deu hei siem lang: ka sangnu ‘Rodingpui’ hi a pasal sûnghai (Haokip haiin), ‘Doringpui’ tiin an lo ko hlak a. ‘R’ kha ‘D’-in an lamri tlat a nih. Amiruokchu, a hming ‘Doringpui’ tia a zuk ziek chun, ‘Rodingpui’ tiin an hung tiem dik zai si a…. Chuleichun, bawinu Lalá¹­hamawi, i hming hi Hmar hming a ni a. ‘Lalthamawi’ tiin ziek la khawm, Hmarhai chun,‘Lalá¹­hamawi’ tiin ko tho tho kan ti che. Chun, Hmar Literature Society hin mimal hming ziek dan ding hi, hmadawmah a nei naw a nih. Sâp ei ngaisâng bawk a, Sap tiem dik thei dingin, ‘Lulthrumoy’ ei ti el ding? Ka ngaidan mei mei chun, i hming chu nang le i Hmar chanpuiha’n kan lam thiem leh, a hun el naw…? Hnam tin lam thiem ding hming i dit a ni chun, khawvela hnam umzât zet, hming i nei ṭûl a tih. Hnam pakhatin an lam thiem naw leh, an lam thiem dan dingin siem á¹­ha nawk pei ei t’a maw…” ka ti a. Hieng ang hin, invêtthlàk tak takin Hmar Literature Society á¹­huoituhai hi deusaw le fiemthu thawna taka hmangin kan um hlak. Amiruokchu, hnam ta dinga ngir kan ni leiin, hnamin a mi la dit sûng po chu, kan la’n tàng á¹­ang ṭâng a ṭûl bawk si…!

 

An ziekdana zieklohai ‘hmelma’ angin an en khawm ei hriet nawh” line 28-naa i ti hi Hmar Literature Society hin, tûkhawm ‘hmelma’ enin kan en ngai nawh. Hmar á¹­awng hi keini tâ a ni bìk naw a. Keini’n ziek dan iengkhawm kan nei hran nawh. Hmar mipuiin Hmar á¹­awng enkawltu dinga a ithlanghai kan ni a. Keini ziek dan ni lovin Hmar á¹­awng ziek dàn, Hmar mipuiin an dit dàn chu zuiin kan humhal tlat lem a nih. Hnamin a fepui dàn ni lo, Hmar hnamin a pawm lo, ziek dàn dang chu dang kan tum tlat bawk a. Nang khawm hi, kan ngirhmunah ngir ve ngat la chu, hnam hmakhuo i ngai dàn enin, keini nêk nèka á¹­hang nasa lem ding i nih ti hi a chiengsa a nih.

 

Kristien inti ve sia, ei á¹­awng hai hi insum met ei tiu….” ti a, line 28-na le line 29-naa i ziek hi, keini ni lovin, Hmar á¹­awng sukchingpen tumtuhai kuomah ti lem la chu, a’n hme lem ka ring. Keini chun Hmar hnam ta dingin theitâwp suoin hmâ kan pu a. Kristien inti ve si, mani kuonglo nawr a, an thaw ding ni met met lo, Hmar hnam kalchawi suká¹­huonawp tuma á¹­hang khaw rak rakhai hi, i ti lem ding ni âwm tak….. I ti angin, “….nakie vaihaiin mi hre rawi an tih”.

Chun, “…a ziek hin ziek rawn phawt phawt ei tiu, a ziek dik thei hlawl naw hai chu an dik le a fellem dan hril ei ta, Teacher in naupang hmawltum le an á¹­hi ang hin chu, mi ei sukzam zo ding a nih” ti a, line 31, 32 le 33 haia i ziek hi, HLS á¹­huoitu ni ngat la chu, hieng ang á¹­awngbau hi, i hmang ngam ka ring nawh. Keini, Literature Society á¹­huoituhai tluk a, Hmar á¹­awng ziek dan indik lem le fel lem inchuktirna a, thâ le zung le sum le pai sêng râwn hi, Hmar hnam sungah ieng pâwl dang le tu mimal dang khawm an um hre dêr naw ti nih. Kan inrim dan le kan sawl dan hi, hriet naw ṭàl ṭâl i tum a ni ruok chun thu dang ni’ng a t’a….. ‘Hmawl tum’ hmangin tûkhawm kan iná¹­hi ngai naw a, hrechieng lova hnam kalchawi, deusaw taka chir lo the khumtuhai khawmin, thil indiklem an hung hriet suok ta leiin, HLS hmalakna hi, theitâwpin an hung thlawp ta lem a nih.

 

Hnam ta dinga á¹­hahnem i ngaizie chu, i thuziek line 34-38-ahai hin chiengtakin a’n lang a. Thurâwn i siem le rawtna i siemhai hin, Hmar Literature Society á¹­huoituhai ta dinga beiseina thar tamtak a siempek a. I ti ang hin kum tinin, Hmar Literature Society sèngsovin, Workshop dàm, Orientation dàm le Refrsher Course dàm buotsai a ni hlak. Chu huna chun, Question siemtuhai, Paper Evaluation thawtuhai le Hmar MIL inchuktirtuhai kokhâwm an ni hlak. Tangkasum harsat leiin kum khatah vawi khat bâk ei thaw thei ngai naw a. I thurâwn le i thil rawt hi lungrila vawng zingin, kum tin, vawi hni bêk nei tum hrâm hràm ta inla nuom a um hle. Nang khawm a tlâwm a zàwng chu i hung á¹­hang ve beisei ei t’a aw…. Keini chu kan lo thâw kan lo thaw ta a nih. Hnam pui kalchawi sukkawnkawna ding ni lova, hnam inpumkhatna dinga sum le pai tuok nuom dàm hi, um lem inla maw…!

 

…Puhai Dr (Rev) Rochunga Pudaite amanih Pu L. Keivom hai hung chingsuok anga ngai lei a, hnam hmelma anga ei ngai pal a ni hlau lem chun an damlai ngeia ngaidam ei inhni khawm phuin ka hriet” ti a, line 45-47-haia i ziek hi, Pu Rochung le Pu L. Keivom haiin ieng thil khawm thaw hai sien, Hmar Literature Society chun anni pahni hi, ‘hnam hmelma’ tiin a la puong ngai hrim hrim nawh. HLS Press Release-in ‘hnam hmelma’-a a ngaihai chu, ‘Hmar writing style chawkchawrawi le sukphuoi tumtu le hnam pui hmalakna kalzawnga hmalatuhai’ an ni a. HLS á¹­huoituhai hin tûkhawm, ‘hnam hmelma’-a puong a la nei nawh. ‘Hnam hmelma’-a ngaihai huonga inbar lûthai chu, puong ni lovin anni le anni an inbar lùt ni lem a tih. Chuleichun, Pu Rochung le Pu L.Keivom hai kuoma ngaidam inhnina ding san HLS hin iengkhawm a nei nawh. HLS-in anni hi ‘hmelma’ enin a en naw a. Mizo á¹­awnga lekhabu an ziek chànga an hawrawp hmang chie kha, Hmar á¹­awnga lekhabu an ziekna hawrawpa an hmang ve kàr hi nghakhla’n, HLS chun anni pahni hi, beiseina insângtak leh dingdihlipin a lo thlîr zing lem a nih ti hi mi lo hrilpêk hràm ta la aw….

 

Hnam tadinga an thilthaw le nanga thil thaw kha khaikhin deu hlak rawh” ti a, line 47 le 48-haia i ziek hi, tu’m i tina a ni ding aw…? Kei hi i mi tina a ni el di’m chu(h)? Manipur le Assam-a Central University pahni hai a, BA/BSc.level chena Hmar MIL inchuk a ni theina dinga thâ le zung le sum le pai kan sèng zozaihai hi hnam ta dinga thilthawah i mi la ngaipek nuom naw tlat a ni chun, i ngaisangzàwng iengkhawm kan la thaw naw khawm chu ni ta ve’ng a tih. Amiruokchu, ‘Literature’ thu le inzawma ‘Letter to Editor’ ziek i ni bawk a. Central University pahni hai a, BA/BSc. level chena Hmar MIL inchuk a ni theina ding hin, Pu Rochung le Pu Muonga hai hin, an ni khat thà chu hril lo, an dàrkàr khat thâ bek hi an sèng ve hrim hrim am âw….!! Hi kawnga kher hin chu, anni pahni nêk hin, kei takngiel khawm hin, ‘contribution’ ka hau lem niin ka hriet. Ka sinthaw khaikhinpui dinga an thilthaw hi, anni khawm hi indawn la, hril ding an nei ka ring nawh.

Chun AW aia O hmang ei tihai khawm hi Aw an banin ka hriet nawh a,…….Aw aiah O á¹­ulnaah an hmang a,” ti line 50 – 52 haia i ziek hi, i hriet tâwk chau i ziek a ni a. Keini Literature Society á¹­huoitu dinga Hmar hnamin a ithlanghai chun chu, a kil le kap dapin, a ni thei dan le a ni theinaw dan po po kan dap vawng a. Hmar á¹­awnga hin Aw hmangna ding a um a, O hmangna ding a um bawk a. Aw aia O hi hmang thei ni sien la chu, Aw hi inkhaw sak sakin Pu Buanga le Pu Sap Upa hai khan lo siem buoi nuom nâw tawp an tih. Aw hin O ai a aw thei naw a, O hin Aw ai a aw thei bawk nawh. Hmar á¹­awngin Aw ri le O ri hi a hrana um a nih ti hi, tuta hnung chu, lo hre ta la, hadam takin um thei el i tih. Chun, Sapá¹­awnga O ri le Hmar á¹­awnga O ri hi an inang nawh ti khawm hi i la hriet naw a ni ka ring a. Hi hi hre la chu, “Aw aiah O á¹­ulnaah an hmang a..” ti nuom ta naw ti nih. Hmar Hawrawp hi Hmar á¹­awng ziekna dinga hmang a ni a; English Alphabet hi English ziekna dinga hmang a nih. Hmar á¹­awng ziekna dinga English Alphabet hmang thei a ni naw lei a, Hmar Hawrawp hi a hrana ei nei a ṭûl lem a nih ti hi, lo hre ta hlak rawh.

Chun, “ Ka á¹­hangna andik tak, ti hi mi chapohai thlekdan a nih” ti, line 56-naa i ziek hi, keini chun kan ti ngai si naw a. Tuha’m i tina a ni ding chu aw…? Keini chun ‘á¹­hangna’ dang kan nei nawh. Hmar hnamin ziek dàn a zui mèk hi, a á¹­hatnawna le a felnawna a um si naw leiin, chu chu kan fepui a. Chu chu hnamin a pawm a ni tlat leiin, chu humhal le dawmkàng chu sin pui taka kan nei el a ni lem. Hnam pui fe dàn kalzàwnga ziek dàn dang, pawm tlâk tak tak ni mang si lo, khèkpui khèkpuituhai hi, ‘ka á¹­hangna a’n dik tak’ tituhai chu an ni lem naw maw...? Hnam pui kalchawi hlak an sukchai zo chuong si naw a; chapopui ding khawm chu an nei chuong am a nih?

 

Chun, khaw hming le hnam hming i hung ziek tlar duothai hi, Hmar Literature Society hmadawmah a á¹­hang naw leiin, HLS hin a sawisel ngai nawh. Hmar Literature Society hin tukhawm ‘hmelma’ a la ti ngai naw a. Chuonghai khawm chu ‘hnam hmelma’ a ti ngai bawk nawh. I hming chu i nuom dân dànin ziek la, HLS hin a hril phàk ding a um nawh. I nuom leh Kharvawmtepu khawm ti la. I nuom leh Khaarvomtapoo khawm ti rawh. I hming a ni mieu si chun, tûkhawmin uksak naw ni hai.

 

I ti angin, HLS á¹­huoituhai hi ‘mani taptebula chierinthluok’ hman khawm kan um ve nawh. Hnamin a mi mamawna sukpuitling tumin, kan hmazawn sengah theitâwp suoin kan pu char char lem hlak a nih. Thingpui takngiel khawm kan dàwn hman nawchàng a tam el. Hnam pui kalchawi sukbuoi tum lovin, hnam inpumkhatna ding ngaituo’n kan buoi char char lem hlak a nih.

 

Hmar hnam rohluhai humhal tumin, hnam dangin an nei ve lo ‘Ṭ/á¹­’ ei nei hi, kan inhlut em em a. Hmar á¹­awng indik taka ziek theina ding a, Aw le O ei nei hran dàm hi, lawmum kan tiin, ei vàngneizie hi kan inhril kan inhril hlak. Midangin an nei ve lo ‘Ṭ’ le Aw le O ei nei bìk dàm hi a ropui a, theitâwpa humhal tum ding ei nih. Ei hnam á¹­awng humnaa sipai á¹­ha le ringum ni ve dingin, HLS hin a fiel che.

 

Mi’n an hnam rohlu humhal tuma nasa taka á¹­hang an lak hlak dàm hi, inhnarum i ti ve hlak naw maw…. Ei rohlu, iengmalova ngai a, mi hnawlpek tuma á¹­hang la char charhai hi, Pu Lalringum Riengsete, ieng ang hming am pèk ve i nuom hrim hrim a?

A tawp taka ding chun, Hmar hnam Hlapui dinga ka lo huol rùk:

Hnam dang dan á¹­hahai la ve’ng ei t’a,

An dan suol thîk lovin;

Ei hnam lungmawl inthim hi,

Keikhâwm tuma varna ṭha zawngin,

Hmatieng ke pên ei tiu’

Pu Lalkhum Keivawm hlaphuok i hung ‘quote’ hi ka va lawm ngei che deh…! Hnam dang dan á¹­ha ei ti chu, hnam ‘identity’ humhal hi a ni chàwk hlak. Ei hnam lungmawl inthim, sukdar le suká¹­he tum lova, keikhâwm tuma varna á¹­ha zawng ve ding le, Hmar Literature Society á¹­huoituhai kalpen ruola hmatieng ke pên ve dingin, HLS Secretary, Manipur hin, i hmangai em em Hmar hnam hmingin ka fiel ve che.

 

Nangni anga hnam inpumkhatna dinga hnam hmakhuo ngaitu hi annawm, Hmar hnamin a mamaw chu: Hnam suká¹­he tumtu ni lovin……!

 

Ringumtakin,

Hnam ta dinga i thawpui,

L.Ruoivel Pangamte

Secretary,

Hmar Literature Society

Manipur.

INHRIETTIRNA le NGENNA


Hungthlung ding ni 30, August, 2014, Inrinni khin Mizoram Hmar Welfare Committee thuoitu thar ding intlangna Savidze Hall, Upper Khatla a dar sawmpakhat, 11:00 AM a inthawk in einei tanding ani a, mi tuel khawm, HMAR inti taphawt chun hnam tadinga thahnem ngai a, thuoitu thatak tak einei ngei theina ding le hnam hmalakna khawm a hrat nawkzuol theina ding in, mitin ahung phak taphawt ei infiel in ei in ngen takzet anih.

 

Hnam hratna le hmasawnna chu nang le kei a annghat anih ti hriezing in hi ni hi ngaipawimaw a thang ngei dingin ei infiel nawn nawk mawl a nih.


Ka lawm ie.


Ram le hnam tadinga In aihna pha pui,


sd/
(LALBIEKSANG HMAR)
General Secretary.
MIZORAM HMAR WELFARE COMMITTEE

A view of Ruonglevaisuo (Tipaimukh). Photo: Robert L. Sungte
Dr. Immanuel Zarzosang Varte

I still remember that sun-softened afternoon with my maternal uncle who guided me from Khangbor village to Taithu and then to Parbung village in 2006 during one of my many visit to Tipaimukh as part of my PhD fieldwork and the first of many visits later.

We started out from Khangbor at 6:00AM passing through lower and upper Kharkhuplien, Zaikhan, Kangreng, Ngampabung, Phulpui and Patpuihmun on the Vangai range of Tipaimukh and then down down down towards the Tuiruong (Barak) River under a heavy downpour. We tied our sleeves and trouser tips with a piece of cloth; put my camera, tape recorder, notebooks and other perishable (off course not forgetting my Wills Flake Cigarette boxes and matches too) safely. We trudge towards the Barak- the only obstacle before crossing over into the Hmar Biel side of Tipaimukh.

The rains literally came along with the leeches that day (The stretch between Patpuihmun-Sartuinek and Patpuihmun-Taithu is infamous for the high population density of leeches called "Vawt Sai" in Hmar- a striped leech found abundantly in the bamboo groves of South and South-East Asia. Their suckers can sometimes be infected with a bacterium that has been the cause of much near-fatal and fatal blood poisoning). Inspite of the cool wind that blew after the rain, we were panting, perspiring and gulping for air like a fish that has accidentally strayed into land. Constantly checking our bodies, even the innermost part, for any leeches that might have found their way in, we reached the bank of the Barak, a stretch known to the people as “Taithu Kai” or “Taithu Crossing”.

To our dismay, we found no boatman or “Kheva Pu” to ferry us over to the other side. We shouted, called, roared, trumpeted and at last, having no options, we cut some bamboos, tied them together with some vines and made ourselves a nice raft big enough to carry us to the other side or that was what we thought. I’m a good swimmer and so is my uncle. We went in into the water settling down as comfortable as possible. The Barak looked calm but it was definitely not when we got in. We were caught in a current, tossed about some, got 99% wet and were hanging on for dear life! Our rocking and swaying in the raft holding on for dear life might almost be akin to try riding a wild horse that has never been ridden by the strange two-legged creature called “Man”. Our bags and packs remained as impassive as the trees we could see on the other side of the river. We really tied them down I guess...

Caution for future travellers- Never trust a river calm just after the rain, especially in the hills.

Almost like a miracle or like the magical wand of Prospero guiding the drowning Miranda towards shore from her tempest wracked ship, we reached the other side panting but thanking our stars that we got hands skilled enough to build that sturdy raft. We untied our bags, left the raft securely tied on the bank for others who might need it, we continued onward Taithu village. By now the sun was a wee-bit shorter than a half-a-pestle length. With the sun heating up the rain water, it was stiflingly hot but good Lord, the lush green hills, washed by the rain and dazzling under the sunrays were a sight for sore eyes... It was pure nature’s therapy! Alas, the beauty of the newly washed hills almost ended from about one foot above. The ground and paths were wet and slippery like stepping into a full-grown river eel locally called “Nga-Nul”.

My uncle who was more than 55 years old at that time was in his element. Unless the lights were playing tricks on me, he actually looked younger and was smiling with nostrils flaring as if afraid to miss even the tiniest bit of deep-jungle fragrance, made sweeter by the rain. And me? Just about 28 years old and in my prime- I was running after him, panting and turning red, turning almost purple and then red again! I was putting on a good jungle boot with one of the finest leather straight from Woodland and he wasn’t even putting on any shoes but a Horse Star sleeper- the worst kind to walk with on slippery ground and he was practically gliding on it!

It was around 5:30PM when I caught the first glimpse of Taithu village. It was with mixed emotions- the welcome sight of Taithu village bathed under the gentle enigmatic rays of the setting sun and the hopeless desperation on seeing the steep approach road just before entering the village (actually, when I checked the next morning, it wasn’t that long or steep though. I was just tired and so exhausted that my body atlas played me I guess). Memories of the hornbills- both capped and common hornbill, squirrels, Civet, Barking Deer, Slow Loris, Pig-Tailed Macaque, Gecko, Hoolock Gibbon, et al that we saw, glimpsed and encountered throughout the journey coupled with the majestic but mysterious beauty of the Vangai, Hmarbiel Lushai, Tamenglong and Bubon hills, the Barak and other numerous rivers, were almost not enough to neutralise the miseries of the heat, leeches, rain, water current, the exhaustion, wet and slippery paths and eventually the last bastion- the steep path just before entering Taithu village.

Such is the mystery of life and the self itself. I heard a whisper deep inside me saying that I can’t climb that steep hill anymore but as if in a trance, I went up the path and easily enough scaled it to enter Taithu village. On reaching the village, my uncle and I separated. He went on ahead to Parbung, a few miles ahead and I stayed behind in Taithu- to recuperate and let rest my aching bones and muscles for awhile.

I went inside the first small tea hotel I saw and asked people there the way to Pa Hmingthang’s house, father of Revise Pachuau (The story of Revise Pachuau and me- of how we became friends and of our several wild and not-so-wild escapades in the hills and valley of Manipur, Assam, Nagaland and Meghalaya- have to be shared some other time). They pointed it out to me and one youth helpfully offered to drop me there. I was a stranger but people knew my grandfather, my grandmother or my father from the old days so, I was warmly welcomed and gladly assisted. I totally didn’t mind both, especially the latter.

On entering the dimly lit kitchen (It is normal for guests and visitors among the Hmars to go directly to the kitchen as there is no concept of “Sitting room” or “Common room”. These are just new inventions not even 50 years old!), put down my bags and flopped down on the split-bamboo floor. Revise’s mother (May her soul Rest in Peace) came running to me, gave me water and boiled tea. She called my friend Revise who also happens to be in the village for his vacation and I asked where Pa Hmingthang is. Revise told me that he’s down somewhere in the school area. The village playground was just beside the school and there was an inter-village soccer tournament on and it seems Pa Hmingthang stayed behind to watch the game till the very end after class. He was a Hindi teacher at Taithu Lower-Primary Government School. He was more than 60 years old that time but Revise’s mom told me he’s just starting to age!

Unable to stay put in the house and wait for him and eager to meet him, I took some rest and then went down to the football ground with my friend Revise.

We met, shook hands, came up to the house, sat beside the hearth, had a tea brewed by Revise’s mom which was as ‘black as night and as hot as hell’. We started swapping stories- the threesome- Revise, me and Pa Hmingthang under the lamp light. While we all were having the best evening of our life- discussion on diverse and varied topics ranging from Culture to politics to development to education to health to livelihood and finally to the state of development, politics and governance issues in Manipur, Churachandpur, Tipaimukh and the village. Pa Hmingthang was one of the most widely read, knowledgeable, informed and best conservationist I ever met. His knowledge about the environment, of cultures, of zoology and botany was astounding- and he was just a Hindi teacher who stayed in his post, takes regular class in an almost forgotten and barely functioning government school. Indeed a very rare case of dedication!

The evening went and passed before we knew it and all the while, Pa Hmingthang was smoothly and deftly rolling out cigars with raw, untainted hill tobacco and old newspapers. Endless more black tea (made from the tea plants that the family grew for domestic consumption... and I may add much much better than the much flouted Assam or Darjeeling tea) saturated with puffs of home-grown tobacco. I asked him why he chose to stay in Taithu while options like staying with his children in Shillong were available and open. The simple answer was “Taithu is my Shillong and Tipaimukh is my Meghalaya. I have heard that Meghalaya means the abode of the clouds. What is so special about that? Tipaimukh is also the abode of the clouds and Taithu for one is definitely among the clouds. All the youngsters wants to go out and if old people like us start doing the same, who will be here and with whom will the clouds play and speak with if we are gone? Who will look after the land of our ancestors? No! I will stay and more people should stay.” With a mischief-tinged smile, he added “You yourself should come over and stay here. Make the sacrifice. How can you hope to make things better here when you are far away in some place? Just pointing and wagging your fingers from a safe distance won’t work! Only when one is willing to sacrifice the things most desired will there be any hope of real change!” Well.....that, with the smiles, the tea, the smoke and the knowledge so kindly shared to me stayed with me ever since that beautiful evening in a village among the clouds.

I stayed for some more days at Taithu...met many more wonderful peoples there. I wish I could remember their names and mention them here, in this sorry excuse of a memoir, one by one!

It’s time to move on to my next destination- Parbung. My friend Revise offered to keep me company and I reluctantly took leave of Pa Hmingthang and his wife. He came with us till the road to Parbung and waved me off with a smile that could charm to calm the fiercest of storms.

I bade him goodbye and whispered in his ears “You have to teach me how to speak with the clouds, the hills, the forests and the animals when I come back. You need to keep well or else I would feel very much betrayed”. He smiled; I smiled back- a secret that would be known only between the two of us until our next meeting.

We trudge on through the lonely road towards Parbung. My feet felt heavy and felt it dragging while at the same time assailed with the expectation of what awaits me in Parbung. The Cicada, known as “Thereng” was singing its high-pitched melancholic farewell song for me from somewhere in the nearby trees.

It was late in the afternoon when we left for Parbung. The hills and the forests were bathed in the golden rays of the setting sun tinged with orange. Revise and me, we walked, as if in trance- spell-bounded by the sheer beauty of it all! I thought- “The Spanish did wrong in searching for El Dorado somewhere in the Americas. Here is El Dorado in all its majestic beauty undressed!”
May the wealth of nature that I saw and encountered continue to deck Tipaimukh in beauty and splendour. May their spirits continue to roam the hills and valleys.

May you Rest in Peace Pa Hmingthang. We shall meet again somewhere among the clouds and when we do, you shall teach me the language of the clouds and the plays you played with them.

* Note: No part of this story should be published/reproduced/cited or referred without the prior permission or acknowledgement of/to the author as the case may be.

By Dr. Immanuel Zarzosang Varte
Dr. Immanuel Zarzosang Varte
(Paper presented at 2-day seminar on the theme Culture and Identity: The agents of social Integration, 12th-13th August 2014. Organised by IGNTUSU and sponsored by Tribal Research Institute)
Abstract:
Conflict resolution may perhaps be one of the most important and crucial activity among all tribal communities. Being originally clannish and often having a closed village system with high level of competition for resources and power, most tribal societies were engaged in constant inter-clan and inter-village wars. Inter-tribe wars were also frequent but much less when compared to the high incidence of inter-clan and inter-village conflicts especially among the Mizo-Chin-Kuki group of peoples. Given the huge diversities of so-called tribal or ethnic groups in North East India and each with their own or related system of conflict resolution, the paper attempts to highlight the conflict resolution techniques and approaches employed in traditional societies with examples drawn from the Hmar tribe.
The Hmar tribe

“Hmar” is one of the tribes of North East India belonging to the Chin- Kuki- Mizo ethnic group. They are found today in Cachar and North Cachar Hills of Assam and the adjoining states of Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Tripura in India and Bangladesh and Myanmar. The Hmar tribe became a recognized Scheduled Tribe of India in 1956. Colonial writers were confused about the real identity of the Hmars and commonly clubbed them as Kukis. The term ‘Kuki’ was first used by the Bengalis and later on by British officials to identify the hill tribes of Manipur other than Nagas. Kuki was later on classified into two groups: Old Kuki and New Kuki in terms of the period of their migration to India2. J. Shakespeare included Hmar in the Old Kuki clans and also used the term Khawtlang (people who lived in the west) and Khawsak (people who lived in the east) interchangeably to mean Hmars3. J. W. Edgar, a civil officer who accompanied the British column to Tipaimukh on April 3, 1872 reported: “The name Kuki has been given to the tribe by the Bengalis and is not recognized by the hill men themselves and I have never found any trace of a common name for the tribe among them, although they too consider different families belonging to a single group, which is certainly coexistent with what we call Kuki tribe” (emphasis added)4. As far as written literature is concerned, it was only in 1904 that the term ‘Hmar’ spelt as ‘Mhar’ was first formally used by G. A.Grierson in his Linguistic Survey of India5.

On the origin of the term ‘Hmar’, there are two theories. The first theory suggests that the term might have originated from the word ‘Hmar’ which happens to mean “north” in English6. Accordingly, it has been mentioned that the Hmars came from the north to Lushai Hills just before the Luseis7. This implies that the term came into use only after the Hmars settled down in Mizoram. The second theory contends that the term originated from “hmarh” which means “to tie one’s hair in a knot on the nape of one’s head”. According to Hmar oral history, there were once two brothers, Hrumsawm and Tukbemsawm. Hrumsawm, the elder one, tied his hair in a knot on his forehead because of a sore on the nape of his neck. After his death, all his descendents continued the same hair style and the Pawi/Lakher who live in South Mizoram are believed to be his progenies. Tukbemsawm, the younger one, however, tied his hair in a knot on the back of his head. The Hmars who tied their hair in a knot on the back of their head are therefore believed to be the progenies of Tukbemsawm and that their nomenclature must have also originated from “hmarh”8. However, the Luseis and other kindred tribes who used the same hairstyle were not called Hmar. Therefore, the first theory sounds more convincing than the second. Whatever may be the truth, it is clear that the term ‘Hmar’ gained popularity and wider acceptance as a common nomenclature among the Hmar ethnic group living in different parts of North East India only with the dawn of the 20th century9.

Traditional Practices as Conflict Resolution Tools

The Hmars, like their other tribal brethrens, are warlike and often come into conflict with their neighboring tribes or even with other rival clans/tribesmen. Conflicts are also common at the individual level. However, inspite of the common occurrence of conflicts within and without, the very fact that the Hmar society has been able to prevail against both the traditional and modern onslaughts of conflict elements proves one thing- the existence of a system that stop a conflict or a system that prevents conflict. Given this, there are two type of conflict resolution mechanism among the Hmars. The first is a mechanism deep rooted in their tradition and customary practices- a stop to conflict. The second is also a mechanism deep rooted in the Hmar custom and which complement the first- conflict prevention. These two mechanisms can again be segregated into several sub-mechanisms involving participation and activities of the parties involved. Among these, let us make mention of some particularly important peacemaking tools often employed to stop and prevent conflict.

Zu-dam:
In common parlance, Zu means wine and dam mean peace or pacification. As such Zu-dam mean Peace wine or Pacification wine and Zu-dam dawn means drinking the peace wine or Drinking the wine of pacification”. Conflicts or tensions among individuals, households, community or between groups are often fatal. Slight altercations often lead to all-out fights resulting in deaths. An undesirable marriage often leads to fights within and without. Territorial disputes and competitions for resources and power are common that, more often than not, leads to war.

In all the conflict, the primary tool of peacemaking is the Zu-dam. This unique customary law of the Hmar is instrumental in bringing about peace and also ensuring an obligation to not continue or renew conflicts within the community and also between other cognate communities. Whenever there is conflict or in the likeliness of conflict to ensue, kinsmen or carefully selected tribesmen from the alleged erring side or perpetrators will be sent to the victim or the wronged tribe/community with a pot of Zu10 where they are bound by custom to apologize and to convince the party they are to pacify to accept and drink the Zu offered to them. The opposite party also composed of carefully selected kinsmen or community leaders are also duty bound by custom not to be violent and act like gentlemen. In many instances, the peace wine is refused and the erring party has to go back home and wait for another opportune time. However, inspite of the possibilities of the apology being turned down, it is also considered bad conduct to attack or commit violent acts upon the peace party during or after such parleys. However, the wronged victim or community has the right to verbally shout abuses but no further than that.

In most cases, it is considered improper to not accept the Zu-dam. So during negotiations, the peace delegate from the erring party is given full opportunity to speak and beg for forgiveness. Once that is done, the head kinsman or leader of the community (in case of community level negotiations, it is usually the Chief who heads the delegation) that has been wronged will lament, shout, advise or do anything but not physical. After that, the leader will pass the order to either serve the Zu or reject it. If it is the former, one of the delegates from the erring party11 will serve the peace wine to the other party. Only after all the members of the wronged party has accepted and drank the Zu, then the leader of the other party is allowed to stand, address the gathering and thank the wronged party for accepting their sincere apology.

In case of acceptance, the wronged party is obliged and bound by custom not to pursue the matter further- be it verbal or physical vengeance and vice versa. If such violations are committed, then such actions will invite the wrath of one and all- be it at village or inter-community level. It is even believed that disrespect of such treaties will invite divine retribution to the violator of the peace deal. As the consequences are great and heavy, it is usually the case that the Zu-dam acceptance is strictly adhered to by one and all. Due to the importance and strict adherence to this customary law, there have been instances of other kindred communities taking advantage of the Zu-dam to pacify the Hmars after committing intentional violence. “Just offer Zu/tea to the Hmars and they will be pacified” is a word often uttered by some tribes whenever there is intent to commit or actual violence perpetrated upon the Hmars. However, the Hmars so far are known to honor and respect this custom even in spite of such comments or remarks and as such not only averted conflicts within and without but also earned the respect of others- be it adherence to the Zu-dam or the Hmar people.

Inremna ruoi:

Another indispensable part of conflict resolution in the Hmar society is Inremna ruoi or Feast of reconciliation. Usually, a Zu-dam agreement is followed by a feast of reconciliation. This feast is organized mostly at inter-village or inter-tribal level although it is also occasionally done even at the family level.

For most tribal societies including the Hmars, feasting is always a welcome affair and therefore participated with gusto. In spite of the existence of tension, most Hmars do not like to stand in the way of an upcoming or plans for a feast. Given this, most peace negotiations are mostly followed by a feast so as to cement the truce. Once a feast has been organized and the food offered partook by both the parties involved under the watchful eye of the whole village and other neutral parties invited as witnesses, there is no turning back. One is to simply abide by the truce and do their utmost to respect it.

Eating off the same plate’ (Tleng hmunkhata bufak) have very deep meanings for the Hmars and as such symbolizes a sort of affinal relationship; a sign of oneness, unity and peace.
During the feast, the erring party makes it their duty to see that the wronged are treated properly and special care given to their needs. As such, certain parts of the animal slaughtered considered sacred or Sa-ser are given with due rituals to the latter along with the best parts of the meat.

Se-sun:

A feast of reconciliation also often involves, in the past, a very solemn ceremony where an animal, normally a Mithun (Indian Bison), is slaughtered to signify permanency in the peace accord, gratitude and to symbolize blood-brotherhood. This ceremony is called “Se-sun”. In this ceremony, either the head representatives or main contenders of the conflict will pierce the animal with a spear and kill it together. As animal has been killed and blood spilled together with mutual consent and the consequences of the killing resting equally on both the party, all enmities between them are to be gone and replaced by a special relationship bond called ‘blood-brothership’. By becoming blood-brothers, both the party has an obligation to help each other in times of needs and to live, regard and address each other as one family. All social norms, taboos and prohibitions kinsmen are also fully applicable to this new relationship.

In effect, the two groups became kinsmen or Laibung through this ceremony. Se-sun ceremony and its obligations to members of the clans are permanent and will continue to be so. An instance of such is the Se-sun ceremony between the Chief of the Lawitlang and Joute clans centuries ago at Champhai (now in Mizoram). Since then, the Lawitlang and Joute have been affinal kinsmen or Laibung and there has not been any recorded- orally or written- inter-clan conflicts between them. The clan members of both Lawitlang and Joute clans continue to respect and execute their obligations as kinsmen or Laibung in any customary or traditional events.

Last but not the least

There have been arguments that such customary norms and values behind sporting matches and games have become obsolete but a closer look at Hmar society today reveals that this is not so. Pi le pu dan or the ways of the ancestors are still very much relevant, revered and are even accepted as desirable norms of behavior by the Church- the most powerful institution today- in many instances. Today, though, sports and games are more used to acquaint villages and individuals so that they get to know each other better and any violent reactions to losing or other untoward outcomes of activities are not condoned by majority and as such come along with heavy societal sanctions that deter most from behaving otherwise.

The entry of modernity among the Hmars has been responsible for the weakening of several traditional and customary practices among the Hmars. This in turn affects their societal cohesion. However, the practice and application of Zu-dam, inkhelna, inremna ruoi and other traditional practices are continued not only to resolve conflicts but to also prevent conflicts through increased interaction and dialogues enabled by these practices.

The irony is that most modern administrative and judiciary systems often suppress rather than encourage traditional conflict resolution systems little knowing that they owed their existence and evolution to tradition. The assumption that modernity and tradition are radically contradictory to each other is a misdiagnosis of the relationship between tradition and modernity and therefore, flawed. This misconception often led many to underestimate the potentialities of tradition12 in strengthening modern structures.

Nonetheless, the importance of traditional systems of peacebuilding has more or less remained important in lending social cohesion and continuity. The roles they play in resolving conflicts remaining crucial in spite of the onslaught of time, space and the elements that comes along with it. It can be said that these traditional and customary conflict resolution systems are the main complementary forces that strengthen modern judiciary and conflict resolution systems.
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1 Immanuel Zarzosang Varte is an anthropologist and currently Guest Faculty, Department of Tribal Studies, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University- Regional Campus Imphal & Executive Director, Center for Organisation Research and Education (CORE)
2 See Dena, Lal. 2008. In Search of Identity: Hmars of North- East India. New Delhi: Akansha Publishing House.
3 See Shakespeare, John. 1912. The Lusei- Kuki Clans. London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd.

4 See Mackenzie, Alexander. 1979 (reprinted). The North East Frontier of India. Delhi: Mittal Publications.
5 See Grierson, G. A., 1904 (Reprinted 1967). Linguistic Survey of India. Vol. 3, Part iii. Delhi: Motilal Banarsides.

6 See Hutchinson, R. H. Sneyd. 1909. Eastern Bengal and Assam District Gazetteers- Chitagong Hill Tracts. Allahabad: Pioneer Press.

7 See Liangkhaia. 1976. Mizo Chanchin (Mizo History). Aizawl.

8 See Songate, Hranglien. 1956. Hmar Chanchin (Hmar History). Imphal: Mao Press
- Darliensung. 1988. The Hmars. Churachandpur: L & R Press. 9 See Liangkhaia. 1976. Mizo Chanchin (Mizo History). Aizawl.
- Dena, Lal. 2008. In Search of Identity: Hmars of North- East India. New Delhi: Akansha Publishing House.
- Varte, Immanuel Zarzosang. Chin-Kuki-Mizo Unification Movements and the Hmars: Problems and Prospects. A Research Paper for North East India Center for Indigenous Culture and Development Studies (NEICICDS): Shillong.
10 Now, after the arrival of Christianity and the banning of alcohol and other intoxicants, Zu or wine has been substituted by tea specially prepared for the purpose

11 If it’s a matter or individuals or family, it is the head son-in-law. If it is at community level, it is the village crier or Tlangsam
12 See Rudolph, Lloyd I and Susanne H. Rudolph. 1967. The Modernity of Tradition: Political Development in India

By Pu Ramthienghlim Varte, Senior Anthropologist, Shillong

Thingtlang pa ei ni leiin khawpui hmun hrang hrang sawrkar sin annawleh thil dang dang thaw’n um inla khawm tlangram nun hih ei hlimpui, hril ringawt khawmin khuo a sawt vawng vawngel hlak. Thu le hla kungpuihai khawm an talent hnukpui le thu le hlaa thlarau baptisma chang a, zun thanga hla mawi tak tak le nunghak-tlangval inhmangaina ( Love Story) chanchin amani le ngainuomum le thu kulmut tak takhai an lak khawmna bupang chuh tlangram nun hi ani zie.

Chuleiin, keikhawm, kum 20 chuong sawrkar sin ka thaw hnung khawma  nun khawsawt lungleng changa ka chul ramfangna ani zie hlak a. Hi kawrvaihai le ei nunphung danglamna thu-inril le an hrietphaklova ei thuruk jnthup nun hlu chuh ani reng.

Chu thuruk chuh an hriet leiin Mizoram a Ofisar lien le Politicianhai khih a tamlem chuh Farm nei deu vawng anna, sungkuo’n weekend hmangin an farm house ah an fe hlak a, an lungril sawlna le khawpui boruok rikhai dengtlaknan an hmang hlak. chuongangin Meghalaya khawm anni tho. Sumdawngna tukver a tlir ding khawmin sawrkar sin maksana an hlawkpui khawp hieng Atkawra, Kuva, Zawngta, Mawt, Thingfanghma, Khanghmuk le dang dang kung a singtel ching a, thapui suoa farm nei tam tak an um. Chuleiin, ka ruol haiin hun-awl nei chang ofis le khawpui boruok riktup  sie hrea an farm House a an mithuoi chang an thilchinghai inzawtin ka lawmpuiin kan hnar thei em em el a,  iengtikam Farm ka neive phak ding aw ka ti vawng vawng hlak reng a nih. Farm siem a sumdawngna tiengpang ngaituoa a hlawk ding tiengpang chen chen chuh ka hisap phakve em em naw a. Sienkhawm, tlangram nun phamve theina ding ram nei a thingtlangpa taka nun hei intawi chuh farm ka nei nuomve nasan anive tawpel.

Pi le puhai chun ‘Bei am sei Rundung” anlo ti hlak a. Beiseina chuh mihriem nuna inphum, tawp chin neilo ani leiin  rundung nekin a sei lem dai a nih ka tih.. Chu beiseina a kalo zamve chuh Farm nei a tlangram nun chen a khawvel hlim taka hmang hih a nih.

Thil reng reng beisei taka eilo kurinkukpui, hni le buoipuihai hih siemtu Pathienin a theinghil ngai naw a, phunnawi lova nghak hi a that zie chuh an virkuol an virkuol a, keikhawm ka vel a hungtlung tah ning a tih. Kum 2012  May thla khan ringphaklo tieng dai a inthawk ka beisei sukpuitlingna ding lampui a hung inzam rui el a. Beiseina insang taka kalo tlirve hlak le ka duthusam chuh Farm nei ani tlat leiin a tha ding le dingnaw  kan ngaituo buoi hman der nawh a. Office thil a Saiha, Mizoram a ka um lai  nisienkhawm phone a inbe paw’n ruoltha le unauhai zarin ralkang a inthawk a muola  muolpui khat zet ramri siemfel sa vawng  ram tha em em el ka Farm ding an milo ngaituo pek a farm nei chuh ka ni el. Mak deu a nih. Mobile phone tangkai zie kata dinga hrietzing tlak chuh nive tang a tih.                                              
                       
KA FARM HOUSE CHUH
A hmun chuh  Shillong a inthawk 67 kms. a hla Umlapher, Karbi Anglong District, Assam a ni a, Hmar In 13 vel le  kohran pawlhni ICI le EFCI an um. Kum 2011 a article STEERING FAIL ti thupui a hmanga ka ziek khawm khah hi ram leilung hmu nuoma ka ramsuokna thu le hla ani nghe nghe.

Leh, a chunga ka hril ta angin,  Mizoram a kan zin Shillong ka tlung le inruolin Ofis chawl ka lak sawk sawk a, riek dingin kan put suok nghal a. Hi kum hin sungkuo thumin Aithing bil annei a, kei khawmin Mound 20* hmun ka vat a, vat faina hmun pova chun  Khanghmuk ka ching bit vawng bawk a. Ruoltha zarin Mano kak, Ruo, Far thing le Thingrai alo um tasahai leh  ka phun bawk a. Nikum 2012 khan Farm House, a dung 28 feet, a khang 15 feet a lienin ka bawl a, tukum Zawngta mu 2000 bawrvel le Bangalore zawngta mu iemani zat Hotupa C.Songate IRS-in ami pek ka tu bawk.

Enkawltu ding mifel tak Pu L.Thasanghai nupa an um a, a rama lo um sa reng Mawt, Kawlthei le keiin ka ching thar thingtlang tlai le hmeruo lak ding a um lai ana, a ra hmasa dam, sawma pakhat le dang dang thawlawm ding a um deu zing a, ka farm ka kan changhin in tieng kan lawisan el thei ngai nawh. Dawnkhaw, Fanghma alo inhlum remrum hei hmu dam chuh nun hih a mukin a hlim sawng sawng el a nih.

Thingtlang nun inhawi zie hih ka khawsak le seilienna hmun an fuknaw leiin naupangte ka ni lai ka nu, ka pa le ka puhai hrilna ka hriet bak chuh ka pu’n Saidan tlangram Lungpuizawl bula lo a nei khah mit ngei a ka hmuphakve a nih. Chuleiin, tuta ka farm a tlaihna hieng - Umzik, Maihna zik, Aithing par, Behna, Anphui, Dawl, Dawnkhaw, Fanghma le dang dang kan hei  lak khawm a, namthlak a kan bum a, vuoilo dingin mawt hna or hnathielin kan hei tuom a, Mawt za (mawt hna hlui a hnuoi tienga tlepthla tah) annawleh, hnangin ka hei khit pei a, inrik deu awl a in hei inlawi chuh intienga mi buktu an tha bawk, thafan a umin pheikhai an hawi rik tup tup ngei el.

 Ka farm a hin rannung sawisak ka khap, a hmun thuma thea hmunhni vel rampui ala ni leiin rannung an zalen a, an huong-in-tau a, a ki dang danga zingkar nisa hungsuok lawm a siemtu kuoma an SALAM bukna rawl mawi  insuo chuh weekend hmanga kan fe changa nu le naupang ri intung veng vung leh in ang tawkvel mei a tih. A mawiin a ngaithlak an hawi a, zingkar a hun taka mi keitho tu hriselna le dam sawng sawngna a nih. Sana a ngai nawh.

Tukum chuh Aithing Mound*22 vel ka tu a, hienglai a an thawdan chuh a puihlui an phawrdawka, an zawr hlak. Chuongangin kei khawm kan phawrdawk tir a Mound* ah Rs *Mound khat  40 kgs. a nih.

3,800/-( Kg khat pei ah Rs 95/- Quintal khatah Rs 9,500/- tina a nih) a ka hei zawr chuh Taithu, Churachandpur District, Manipur a kan umlai ka pu’n “Mound ah chengkhat khawma zawrna ding kan vai” ati khah ka hrietsuok rum rum el. Mound Rs 5,000/- ( Kg khata Rs 125/- Quintal ah Rs 12,500/-) dam a nih an la ti tah deu deu.

Khanghmuk chuh bul 300 chuong ani a, kumhni a upa nisi hlamthum dam ani tawl tah a a der sik/tlam ding a um thei nghal. Kumnawk chuh a der ka sik tanve tak tak thei tading a hawi. Thuhrilthiem haiin  a thu-inril deu an hawlfuk deu chang a “Haleluia ! Lalpa ropui raw seh” anti ang deu hin ka farm ka fang chang tlaihnahai duottakin ka zut a, siemtu kutsuok ropuizie inzawtin to tawk tawk a thuhriltu, thuhrilthiem  an ni hlak a ‘Lalpa ropui raw seh’ ka ti nuomve deu zingel hlak a, an hawi dan chuh a muk  a nih.
19th July, 2013

Sunzawm ding: KA FARM HOUSE-II (Lunngaina Sumpui )

- LRS Puruolte

December 10, 1948 khan United Nation General Assembly chun khawvel pumpui huop a mihriemin Chanvo a neihai puongna (Universal Declaration of Human Rights) a lo nei tah a, UNO-a member taphawt chun chu puonga um ‘Human Rights’ chu Inchuknain (School) le Inchukna insanghai po po ah mitin hriet a thedar dingin Khawvel a ram po po an hriettirin, hrilin an um a. Chu a puong le inruola Articles an duonghai laia mi thenkhat hai chu hieng hai hi an nih. (Article/s hai hi ei mamaw zuol bik hai chauh ei laksuok a, an dawtin, a reng a ram chun ei suklang nawh).

Article 1: Mitin hi chanvo le nina hi angkhat nei le zalenin an pieng a. Sie le tha hrietna le an dik le an diknaw thlier hrang thei dingin pek a ni bawk. Chuleiin, inunauna lungril neiin thil an thaw tlang ding a nih.

Article 2: Mitin hi thupuonga um, chanvo le zalennahai po po hi hnam thu a, hmel put dan thu a, nuhmei pasal thu a, tawng thu a, Sakhuona thu a, politics le ngaidan thu a, thuomhnaw, piengna le ngirhmun thu hrim hrim ah inthlierhranna um der lova pek an nih.

Article 3: Mitinin mani mimal himna, zalenna le hringna dingin Chanvo an nei seng.

Article 5: Mi tukhawm hremna mani mihriem hlutna sukhnuoi khawpa insawisakna, nunrawngna le tuorna nasataka inumtir a thieng nawh.

Article 6: Mitin khawlai hmuna khawm dan hmaah a nina ang tak Chanvo a nei.

Article 7: Mitin dan hmaah angkhat vawng an ni a, hnam humhalna thuah inthlierhranna um der lova pek seng an nih. Mi po po hi thupuong kal zawnga inthlier bikna le inthlier bik dinga infuipawrna laka inhumhimna angkhat seng an nei bawk.

Article 8: Mitin Constitution/Danin a pek Chanvo hlun (Fundamental rights) a i nei suksiet ding zawnga thilthaw laka Rorelna  khawlah inhumhalna Chanvo an nei.

Article 9: Mi tukhawm mumal um lova man, khum/intangtir le hnawtsuok phal a ni nawh.

Article 10: Mitin an chanvo le thaw makmaw an thawna kawnga le dan bawsea intumna kawnga dan kengkawtu le roreltuhai hmaa indik taka a chanchin rel theina chanvo an nei.

Article 11: Mi tukhawm thil suksuola heka umin, an humna (defence) dinga thil tul po po nei a; a chungthu rel a, danin thiemnaw an changtir hmakhat chu, iengkhawm pawi tawk lo (Thil suksuol lova) ngai a nih.

Article 13: Mi tukhawm a umna state/ram sunga a nuomna naah zalen taka invak vel theina le cheng theina chanvo a nei. Chun, a nuom hun hun ah a chengna ram maksan theina le a nuom hun hun ah kir nawk theina chanvo a nei bawk.

Article 15: Mitinin mani hnam nina chanvo an nei senga, chu Chanvo chu nuom thua lakhmang pek thei a ni nawh.

Article 17: Mi tukhawmin ama mimalin amani annawleh mi dang le intawm khawmin Thuomhnaw le Hmun le hmang a dit ang ang a nei thei.

Article 19: Mi tukhawmin mani ngaidan tlang taka hril theina zalenna Chanvo a nei.

Article 20: Mi tukhawmin Pawl siem theina le Inkhawm theina zalenna Chanvo a nei. Tukhawm Pawl hrim hrima ama nuom thu ni lovin inzawmluitir theina a um nawh.

Article 22: Mitinin mizie le nina ang peiin an thanglienna dingin Economic, Social le Cultural rights an nei.

Article 25: Mitinin an sungkuoin hriselna tha an nei theina dinga khawsakna ngielnghet, fak le dawn, silfen, In le lo, damdawi le vantlang sawmdawlna dawng theina Chanvo an nei.


National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993
(Human Rights Humhalna Dan, 1993)
Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993-na besanin, ‘human rights’ humhalna ding le dawmsangna dingin, India sawrkar chun October 1993 khan National Human Rights Commission chu a hung indin ve ta a nih. Mihriem nauhai chanvo humhalna ngielnghet lem a um thei ngeina ding le inzawm a National Human Rights Commission dam, State Human Rights Commission dam le Human Rights Courts dam indin a a um theina dingin, Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 chu September 28, 1993 khan India rama hmang tan theina a hung um ta a nih. A tak tak a hmangna ding chun eini mipui ah an nghat lien ve hle.

Matters not subject to jurisdiction of the State Commission (State Commission hmalaknain a huom phaklo thilhai)

1.      State Human Rights Commission hin dan hnuoia indin, State Commission hran annawleh Commission dangin an ngaituo lai thil hrim hrim chu sui naw nih.
2.      State Human Rights Commission hin, ‘human rights’ bawsiet a um hi, Kum khat a lo liem tah a ni chun, suizui naw nih.
3.      Sipai ralthuom chawiha’n ‘human rights’ an bawsietna thil chu New Delhi-a National Human Rights Commission Chauvin a suizui ding a nih.

Hriet ding a tha: Mizoram Sawrkar in Human Rights dan a bawsietna tam tak a um zing. Manipur State Sawrkar ngei khawmin hi dan hi a bawsiet nasa hle. Chuleiin, ei himna dingin iem ei thaw ding? ti chu tiemtu le mani seng in ei dap suok a hun ta hle.

Shillong: August 10, 2014 khan Hmar Literature Society, Meghalaya,  indin ani a.

Kum 2014-15 sunga thuoitu dinghai chu hienghai hi an nih.

Chairman : Pu Ramthienghlim Varte
Vice Chairman : Upa Buongneikung Buongpui
Secretary : Tv Robert Wilson Thilsong
Jt.Secretary : Dr Crossthang Sanate
Fin. Secretary : Tv Elim Intoate
Treasurer  : Pu L.Thanglien Sungte

Ziektu: LRS Puruolte.

"Dutch ha'n, Pathien-in khawvel a siem a, Dutch ha'n Holland/Netherland kan siem," an ti chuh! Eini HMAR hai hin iengti in am ei ti ve ding?

Dutch hai hin an ram Netherland chau siem lovin ei unau RPC hai zarin ei Hmarram le ei unau hnam dang danghai ram chen an hung siem a nih. Vawisunni khawm hin an la siem zing.
Ei ram siemtu ding hin MLA/MDC/Politician/Officer/Contractor/Pastor/Hnam sunga NGO/Organisation/Kohran/Foreign le a dang dang hai chau kut ah ei sie bik el am? Mitin mawphurna a nih. Ei theina zawn seng ah changin hma la inla, chu chun ei ram ei siem chu a ni ve el. Ei mawphurna mani sin/hlaw lakna/fakzawngna/inhlawna haia ringum seng inla, ei RAM ei siem chu a lo ni zing el!... Chuchu ei biek, ei hnam le ram-in Kum Za neka tam a lo zui tah, ei PATHIEN THU khawm a nih.
Eini khawm ei Ram hi siem ve tang ei tiu. "Hmar ha'n, Pathien-in khawvel a siem a, Hmar ha'n Hmarram (Hmar umna taphawt khuo le veng) kan siem," ei ti ve vatna dingin HMAR hai hin THANGRUOLIN, LUNGRUOLIN HNAM TAD'N KAL PEN SUP SUP EI TIU. Indem, inhrilsiet, indo, inthattuo, inkhik inkhalna hai po po hin ram ropui mi'n tlun naw tawp a tih.
Chu nek chun in tawngtai puituoin, in thangpuituo lem ei tiu. Chu chau chun ei ram le hnam, khawtlang dam a tih.

Ziektu: Pu Zarzolien Keivom.

“Setanin Setan bok iengtin am hnot suok thei a ta?  Ram khom ama le ama indo chu a ngir thei nawh. Mani le mani indo sungkuo khom an ngir suok thei  bok nawh. Setan khom ama le ama inkhinga  a’n do  si chun ngir thei naw ni a, bohmang lem a tih”. Isu (Marka 3 :23).

         
Ei Lalpa Isu hi khawvela  a hung leng lai khan voi khat chu ramhuoi man pasal pakhat, mitdel le trong thei lo chu sukdam dingin Isu kuomah an hung thruoi a,  a lo sukdam a, a hung trong suok a, a hmu thei ta nghal bok a.  Mipui chun mak an ti hle a, hi pa hi Davida naupa a ni thei el naw ding am a nih? an ti tawl a.  Farisaihai ruok chun  “Belzibub zawl a ni hi. Ramhuoi lal leiin annawm ramhuoihai a hnot suok hlak” an ti bok.   Anni chu Isun a ko a,  an kuomah, “Setanin Setan bok iengtin am hnot suok thei a ta? Ram khom ama le ama indo chu a ngir suok thei nawh, chuong ang bokin mani le mani indo sungkuo khom an ngir suok thei bok nawh.  Setan khom ama le ama  inkhinga  a’n do  si chun ngir thei naw ni a, bohmang lem a tih” tiin a hril a. Isu thu hril hi a’n dik a ni phot chun eini rawi khom hi  ei la bohmang ve el awm de aw! ti chu ngaituo a hun ta ngei!

          Isu thu hrilhai  po po hi belsa ding le pei hmang ding hlak pakhat khom a um der si nawh.  Eini India hmarsaka chenghai, a bik takin Sinlung suok intihai hi ieng thu le hla um bek lo khoma indo thut hmang eini leiin  unau phai rama chenghai neka ei hnufuol bik tlat nasan khom hi ni ngei dingin ring a um chu tie!  Isun, mani le mani indo sungkuo khom an ngir suok thei bok nawh a lo ti namain. Nambar 35:33 a chun “In umna ram chu sukporche naw ro, Thisen insuona chun ram chu a sukporche a,  thisen insuo lei a sukporche ram chu thisen insuotu thisen chau naw chun sukthieng thei a ni nawh” ti ei hmu ang bokin  ei umna ram hai hi thisena  sukporche ram an ta leiin eini Sinlung suokhai ta dingin thisen insuona hi ei thrangmaw bawk laia pakhat chu ni ngei dingin ring a um.  Ei umna ramhai hi  a hun le ni ngaituo chun changkang ve fetna khop chu a ni ve tah, sienkhom vervekna le thabona bak hi chu ei hmasawnna hril ding ei hau bek naw niin an lang. Ngirsuok meka inngaihai khom hi a bohmang mekhai ta dingin hmarchadeng khop khom an tling nawh ti inla inkhel naw nih.
         
A bik takin  Sinlung suok laia Hmar intihai hnu le hma tlawmtein la hang sui nawk ei tih.  Kum sawmhni le paruk lai liem tah a, Mizorama eini Hmarhai hma lakna kha ei thlir let chun ei thlalak iemani zat zet chu Isu thu hril le inzomin ei thrangmaw bawk hmu ding a um.  A voi khatna dinga peaceful bandh an thaw le inzoma India danin a phal anga an lungawi nawna khekpuia lam hrawhai chunga Mizoram pulithaiin kut an thlak leia Manipura an unauhai kuoma an thlasiet thu an hung intlun trum khan nasa takin Hmar ka nih inti taphot lungril le ngaituona chu hnam hmangaina tui lien chun a chimpil phut ni takin an lang.  Kei tak ngiel khom ka tui inhlieu thiem le thiem naw khom hril thei loin hnam hmangaina tui lien  chun a lipui tieng ami fen lut ve hiel a.  A bik takin India hmarsak biela cheng  Hmar nauhai lem chu a tar a zurIin hnam lainatna thlipuin a nuoi hmai an um naw ang tluk a nih.  Hnam ta dinga tlawmngaia inpe ei tam taluo hiel a, tha le zung le sum le pai khom hnam ta ding chun inro reng ei nei naw a ni deu tak, a nghong khom a na hle reng a nih. Mizoram sorkar thruoituhai khomin thlaphangna  ruk tak chu nei ve ngei an tih ring a um.  Khang ang khan fe pei inla chu Autonomous Council khom kum tam nor ngai kher naw nih.

          Tiena tlanga inthoka ei thrangmawbawk  chu mani le mani indo hi a la ni pei,  Hrangkhup le Thawnglaiin an tran a, Hmar le Lusei indoin Saizahawl chu Sailo uichalin a thrang nawk a, HPC do let dinga  Mizoram uichala thanghai chu Hmar tlangvalhai bok ei ni kha.  HPC  sukremna dinga Mizoram sorkarin Hmar tlangval trening a pekhai kha  MAP let tamin HPCin a thawhla lem a, a thil tum khom lam chenve a hraw hman trawk reng a nih. Isun mani le mani indo sungkuo chu an ngir suok thei nawh a ti hi  ei hnam hi a sukdiktu laia pakhat chu ei lo ni zing el.  SHDC khom hi ei inthuruolna kei chentu dinga Mizoram sorkar hmangruo poimaw tak a la ni zui pei niin an lang.

          Khanga HPC in a thiltum a hlen suok zo ta si naw chun ti a, autonomous council  loa lung dam thei lo tlangval  threnkhat le kansil membar threnkhat chu inbie tlangin tlawmngai pawl tlangval iemani zat chu ramhnuoia la chambang ding le ram danga  la’n tuoi thar dingin thutlukna an lo nei ta a nih. Chu thu chu fe thleng peiin ram dangah khom ei intir nghe nghe a, voisun chen hin a la fe  pei a. Chu lai zing chun ring naw tieng pang takin HRA le HRF a hung pieng nawk ta pei a, ieng tak am ei buoipui ti hriet thei lo khop hielin  pawl le pawl buoina chun ei ram ei hnam chu thisenin an khat tawkin a’n sil ta pei a nih.  Isu thu hril ang hrimin  mani le mani indo tlat chun hmasawn dan ding um ngang lo chu, a tawp tawpah chun an hung rem ta reng a.   Lalhmingthang keithruoi  HPC(D) chu a hung inthrang nawk duok duok a, mipui ngaiven khom  a hlaw hle lai zingin Thangsang keithruoi HNA-hai chu an hung inlar suok nawk pei bok.  Pawl hnia inkhingna khom khop a um naw nak laiin Peresident pawl le Chairman pawl a hung suok nawk pei a! Ei pi le puhaiin “Ar lungsie, sanghar lunglawm“ an lo ti po chu ei thaw tlut tlut ni takin a’n lang. Ei Pathien thu hi a’n dik a ni phot chun hma sawn nekin  ei hnung sawn pei ma ding chu ni ma el naw leh!

         Ei thu ziek hi tu khom ei hrilsietna le demna chu a ni der nawh a, mani le mani indo hi ei hnam le ram thrangmawbawk a nizie ei hrilna a ni lem.  Ei hnam politiks le kohran ngirhmun enin ei hnam ta dinga thil thra le ngaidan hril suok ngam khom ei um ta naw ni deu takin an lang. Pawl a ngir ta hlak chun  a thloptu ding le trantu ding hlak bo lo me, a poi ti bak chu hril ding a vang a ni tak!  Kei khom voi tam tak hnam hi thisan ka tum hlak. Sienkhom, ei hnamin siet a tuok pha ka tuorna em em hlak si leiin min an lungrila an pai an hril ngam lo am ei ti ding an hril nuom lo chu hril lo thei loin a mi kap tlat leiin insum  pumin ei ram le hnam thrangmawbawk chu mani le mani indo hi a nizie le Isu trong bau sukdiktu laia ppakhat ei nizie ei hang suklang chau lem a nih.

          Mani le mani indo sungkuo lai hin kohran khom ei him bik chuong der nawh niin an lang, ei ram ei hnam chanchin ei hang hril tahai po po khom hi kohran thlalak indik tak niin an lang.  Pathien kohran intihai hmana pawl thichil ei ngam chun ramhnuoi sipaihai lem chun an va ngam nasa lem awm de aw! Isu lem chun mani unau theidatu chu tuolthat a nih a ti thlawt el a nih. Chuong a ni si lem chun  kohranhai hin tuol ei lo that nasa ta awm de aw! Mani  le mani indo sungkuo ei lo ni ve zing el chu tie.  Zabili lawm zet ta hnung khoma mani khata rong la bawl thei loa fawrena kutdaw dinga lan tir deu zing el hi chu piengsuolna chi khat chu a ni ngei el, lu chau inthranga pum inthrang thei lo mi piengsuol nungchang le um dan a ni tlat leiin theida thei naw ma nih. (KEIVOM RUN (Greater Noida)31 July 2014. 
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