Mingo Misawnarihai Kalhmang le Chanchin Tha

[By Prof LAL DENA*, INPUI-News&Info Exclusive]

Lalpa chu Pathiena nei hnam,
Rochungtua a thlanghai chu,
Hnam hamthra an va ni ngei de!
- Sam 33:12.

Ei rama Chanchin Thra hung lut hi ei histawria mellung laia poimaw tak pakhat a nih. Chu Chanchin thra chun kum za zet a mi chenchil trèp tah a; ei hma el, kum thar Thlavul ni 5, 2010-ah a champha voi zakhatna chu a hung tlung ding a nih tah. Chuleiin chu Chanchin Thra hung phur luttu misawnarihai thaw dan kalkhmang, a sie a thra thre khatnaah thlir let hmasang ei ta; chun thre hninaah Chanchin thrain ei suotlang thara zung a hung kei dan sui bok ei tih.

THRE KHATNA
1:1 RAMPER HLUTSAKTUHAI RINGKOL AN BATPUI: Kumpinu mi op sung po po khan misawnarihai le ramper hlutsak pawlhai kha kut insui ang elin an intlon a. Misawnari kalchawina le ramper hlutsakna chu tangka hmai hni nei ang elin an inlang hlak. Ramper lak hmaa misawnari an lo fe hmasa pal khomin, misawnarihai chu ramper hlutsak pawl ta dinga lampui suottu an ni tho tho. Misawnariha’n an lo baw pèn sa rama khan dannaranin an hnam chanpui bok ramper hlutsakhai kha an lak lut lem hlak. Entirna’n British misawnarihai lut hmasakna ramah chun anni British roreltu bok an lak lut lem hlak. A tlangpui thua histawrical piriet sung khan misawnarihai nekin ramper hlutsak pawl kha an fe hmasa lem hlak a. Chuleiin, rambung tam taka misawnarihai chu ‘ramper hlutsak pawlhai ‘uisa thiem’ (hunting dog of imperialism) anga ngai an ni hiel. Hi hi abikin India hmar saka lem chu a ni nawk zuol. Assam rama British rorelna nghet siem fel a hung ni khan David Scott le Francis Jenkins, Commissioners, Guwahati-a mi hai chu misawnarihai rong bawlna dinga lampui siemtu ropui tak an nih.1

Kum 1890-1891-a British sipaiha’n Manipur le Mizoram an hung lak fel zo char khan, abikin tlangrama hnamchomhai kha ieng anga law dim, an naw leh, ieng anga op dim ti London-a roreltuhai an zuk rawn a. An ram lak sunga hnamchomhai khawsak dan hieng ang hin an zuk ripawt a:
1. Mi lu lak ching mi an nih. Mi lu an lak hai chu an kotkhar biengah an tar nghuon hlak.
2. Ramhuoi be mi an nih.
3. Dan mumal an nei nawh.
4. Mi hrat lem han mi hrat naw lem hai chungah nun an rawng hlak.
5. Zu dawn mi an ni a; umni khama zu dawna nunkhuo pham mi an nih.
London-a roreltuhai chun,”Assam ram ei op anga ei op chun an ning a’n tel ding a ni leiin an lungril tieng mol hnè hmasak a ngai ding a nih.

Chuleiin, misawnarihai an inthok suok nghal a trul ding a nih chuh” tiin an hung don let a nih. Mingohai kha pawl hni an um a: kawlhnâma mi hnetu le thuah mi hnetu. Thuaa mi hnetu pawl chu misawnarihai an nih a, chema mi hnetu pawl chu sorkar an nih.2 Arthington Aborigines Mission Society (AAMS) tirin William Pettigrew, F.W.Savidge (Sapupa) le J.H.Lorrains (Pu Buanga) hai chu Manipur le Mizorama buoina inkieng nghakin Cachar, Assam-ah an inkul phot a.
William Pettigrew-in Cachar Meiteihaia inthokin Meitei trong a lo inchuk a; Sapupa le Pu Buanga chun Hringchara Mizo sumdawnghaia inthokin Mizo trong an inchuk bok a. Manipura buoina an kieng a, Mingo rorelna sukdet a ni charin William Pettigrew chu Imphalah February 6, 1894-in a lut a; chuong ang bokin Sapupa le Pu Buanga khom Aizawlah January 11, 1894 kum vekin an lut a nih. Hieng misawnari hung hmasa haiin Manipur le Mizorama rong an bawl dan ding lampui lo siem reltu chu British ofisar A. Porteous, Acting Political Agent a nih.3 Misawnarihai kha a lang a pauin sorkar ringkol batpuitu inti naw hai sienkhom, an thilthaw khan sorkar a thlop tlat hlak. William Pettigrew lem kha chu Imphal a hung lut chara inthokin British ofisar nauhai lekha zirtirtuah an hmang nghal a. Meitei trong thiem a ni bok leiin Manipura inchukna tieng le sikul sapzek po po kha ama kuta sie vong a nih. Manipur sorkarin kum 1911-a intiempuina hmasa tak an thaw trumin Pettigrew chu Census Superintendent-a ruot a ni nghe nghe. Ukhrula a sikul naupanghai leh hi intiempuina sin hi hlawtling takin an zo. Kum 1917-1919-a Kuki helhai tukdol dinga sorkarin Kuki Punitive Measure a lak lai khan Pettigrew le Dr Crozier chu a kûl a taia Manipur sorkar thrangpuitu an ni bakah Pettigrew lem kha chu Indopui Pakhatna sunga sor ding Manipur Labour Corps-a thrang ding Naga mi sanghni neka tam le Kuki mi sangkhat zanga neka tam latu a nih.

Chitea lekha lo hrie hmasahai chu hi Labour Corps-ah hin interpreter (tronginlettu)-in an thrang a, chuonghai chu misawnarihai kutsuok an ni deuh tei hlak. A tawi zawngin, histawrikal piriet sung po po khan William Pettigrew kha Manipura British rorelna khawla a kila lung trangkai tak a nih.4 Mizorama misawnarihai le Mingo roreltuhai inthlop dan khom a dang chuong nawh. Dr P. Fraser ti naw chu misawnari tu khom Mingo ofisarhai suksuolna kawk ngam an um nawh. McCall, Aizawl Borsapin Mizoram a suoksan hnungin Sylheta inthokin Rev. Mendus, misawnari kuomah hieng ang hin leklha a thon a:” I sinthaw le keima sinthaw kha thre thei a ni nawh. Nang le kei chu thiltum hmun khat, hieng ei opdehai hin hlimna le hratna thar an hmuna dinga ei beiseina chauh kha a mi chokphurtu tak a ni ve ve a. Kei chu i ringkol batpuitu, hun sawt naw te um ding ka ni a, nang chu um song ding i ni si. Hieng mihai hi an tienlai nun neka changkang lema an hung um theina hi nang le i thawpuihan kong iengkima in mi thlopna lei chau a nih. Chuong chu ni naw sien, voisuna muongna le hmasawnna lo um ta hai hi hmu ding um naw nih. Mizorama British rorelna a lo hlawtling ngai a ni chun, nang chun chan lien lem i chang a nih ti ka theinghil dèr nawh. Thurawn thra le hlu tak tak i mi pek hlak lei khan i chungah ka lawm takmeuh a nih”5, tiin. Hi hin Mingo misawnarihai sinthaw dan kalhmang le roreltuhai an inthloppui dan thuruk a hrilfie hle a nih.

Watkin Roberts ruok chu Manipur sorkar le misawnari danghai ditsakna a dong naw leiin, India hmar saka British rorel sung po po deuh thawin a mihai lai a um thei naw a, a rongbawlna khom nasa takin a konkaw pha a nih.

1:2 THIEMNA AN NGAI POIMAW: Misawnarihai rongbawlna taphotah thiemna an ngai poimaw bek bek. Chun abikin inchukna sikul le damdawi in tieng pang lem hi chu sorkar khomin a ngai poimawin a lungkham em em. Chuleiin, misawnarihai rongbawlna hmun taphotah sikul indin a ni tei hlak. Protestant misawnarihai thupui tak chu: ringthar tu khomin Pathien indik taka a chawibiek theina dingin Bible a tiem thei ngei ding a nih ti hi a nih. Misawnarihai chun a ram mihai lekha inchuktir chu an lungril thunun theina awlsam tak niin an ngai bakah, thiemna chu ringthar lakna hmangruo poimaw takah an ngai bok a nih.

Sikul an hong trana inthok hin ei suotlang nunah inthlakthlengna ropui tak a hung intlun a. Ei suotlang hluiah chu pawlpui pahni an um a: pawl khatna chu roreltu pawl (lal, khawnbawl le thiempuhai) an nih a; pawl hnina chu vantlang mimir an nih. Ei rama sikul hong a nia inthokin ei suotlang tharah pawl thar, lekha hre pawl (elite class) an hung suok a. Hieng lekha hre pawlhai hin misawnarihai inrawina hnuoiah tirko, pastor le zirtirtu sin an hung thaw tran a. Hi lekha hrehai bok hi sorkar rorelnaa khom sor trangkai an hung ni pei a nih. Hienghai pawl nungchang le thil thlir dan iengkim chu a hnung tieng ei la hung hril ding a nih. Hi pawl thar (elite class) le ei suotlang hluia roreltu pawlhai (traditional elite class) inkarah hin chadan a hung um nghal a.

Roreltu pawlhai chun khawtlang rorinrelnaa an ngirhmun le chan thra po po sukdanglam um loa chel zing an nuom a. Pawl tharhai ruok chu Indopui I & II laia an thil hmu le tonhrietin an khaw nghat le khawvel thlir dan a sukdanglam tah leiin, khawtlanga lal rorelna le thuneina chu pei hawna mipui insorkarna lak lut tumin thrang an hung khaw ve ta a nih. Kum 1940 vela inthoka pawlitiks thlifim a hung hrang trana inthok khan pawl tharhai hin thruoitu nina an hung chang pei tah a nih. Chuong ang chun Mingo misawnarihai rongbawlnain ei suotlang tharah insawi danglamna a hung inumtir a nih.

1:3. SAPPUI NUNPHUNG AN NGAIHLU: Mingohai chu roreltu ni hai sien, misawnari ni hai sien, hnam chapo, mi chungdel, Asia mi hang le Africa mi dumhai hmusit le hnuoisie mi vong an nih. Kristienna le an hnam nunphung thlier hran loin, khawlai hmuna khom an fena taphotah an hnam zierang tu sa ve an tum tei hlak. Ringthar taphot chu anni hnamchomhai dan, ser leh sang le zieranghai po po an inban luitir a, anni Sap khawsak dan an zirtir hlak. An lu an invawtir a, an sekhenhen kekor le korchung an inhaktir a, nghawngor an insuitir a, Sap lukhum (topi. topee) an inkhumtir a. Lem chang an ni tak. Anni Mingo misawnarihai tarmita inthok chauhin thil an inthlirtir hlak a nih.

Ei hnam nuna ei ngaihlut em em thilhai chu misawnarihan an hmu setan tlat. Thil pathum chauh zuk thlur bing ei tih. Khuong hi chong chen ni khuo, sa lu ineina le kût hmangna tinrenga a ser laia a mei ang a ni hlak. Tulai chen khom hin khuong boa tlei lohai ei nih. Hun sawt tak misawnarihai khan biek inah khuong lak lut an mi khappek a nih kha (hi thu hi a hnung tieng chieng lemin la hung sui ei tih).

Pahninaah ser le sang thawna hrim hrima a thrang loa thaw thei lo chu zu a nih. Siet ni thrat ni ni sien, leichawi ni sien, mo biek ni sien, thu sie hla sie tinrenga hmathruoitu chu zu a nih. Misawnarihai chun ringthar an lak taphot hai chu zu dawn an khap nghal.

Ei hnam rohlu Mingo misawnarihan an tai em em nawk chu kût le hnam làmhai an nih. Ei hnam lam le kûthai kha ramhuoi biekna an ni nawh. Raldoa hnena lawman dam, sahrang lu lak inei changa insukhlimna dam, bu le bal malsawmna tieng an hnienghnar changa khawtlang insukhlimna Sikpui Kut dam an lo hmang hlak a. Khang ang insukhlimna ei nei sunhai kha ringnawtuhai thuomhnaw tiin an min bansantir tum vong a. Chu lungril (colonized mentality) chu putin tu laia ei kohran thruoitu threnkhat le thuhriltu threnkhat chenin ei hnam làm le kûthai chu ‘Aigupta thuomhnaw, hlui hlawn thil’-ah an mi ngaipek zing a nih.

Sakhuona phêna Mingo misawnarihan lungril tieng an mi hne dan hi a’n thuk hle a nih. Khawvel varna le Chanchin Thra ei dongna hnàr an ni leiin, misawnari le mingohai hrim hrim chu ei chung en a, an thaw dan taphot chu thra lem vongin ei ngai hlak. Sorkarpui leh thrang ruolin ei hnam nuna thil thra le inzaum, iengtik lai khoma khawtlang inthruoina dinga ei rohlu tam tak an mi hung vat fai pek vong a. Sappui nun butlinga mi thruoi lut zo tak tak bok si loin, chamlakah an mi sie a; hi ku hi ei ngirhmun indik tak chu a nih. Traibal sawsaiti ni ang reng, Saphai thaw dan kawpi ang reng bokin ei um a nih.

Mingohai hrim hrim chu ei chung en a. Ei inkhawmpui ni khuoa an mi hung uop chang dam hin ei chang a par a, an thuhril ieng rak ni naw sienkhom bau ka kungin hapui inhil hukin ei ngaithlak hlak.

Hi lai thu hi P.C.Lawmkung-in thiem em emin hieng ang hin a lo ziek a: “…heti chen Kristian lo ni tawh leh lehkhathiamna lamah pawh tawng sang ve tawh tak Mizote hi kan inenchian leh a trul ta hle mai. Mani kea ding ngam, vehbur khawn leh Sapho chah chhuah leh tranpuina hmu theia inel mai mai rual ka ni ta lo”6, tiin. Mingo roreltu le misawnarihai kha eini lai an hung khan an nunphung thuomhnaw leh an hung a. An mi maksan hnung khomin ei suotlang tharah an hnam nunphung chun riekna, chengna le chamsongna hmun a hung hmu chauh khom ni loin, a chongpu takah a thrang ta zing chu a nih.

A hrim hrim thuah, mingo misawnarihai kha Chanchin Thra hriltu ni hai sienkhom hnamchom hmusitna inthuk tak (racial prejudice) an pai tlat.

Edwin Rowlands (Zosapthara) khan Mizo nunghak Thankungi a ngaizawng a, nuhmeia nei khom a nuom a, a tawpa lem chu a nei tah hrim a. A ringkol batpui D.E.Jones-hai nupa ruok chun remti loin an dodal nasa hle. D.E.Jones lem chun Liverpool-a an hotu lienhai kuomah hieng ang hin lekha a thon a: “Lekhathon ringota hril seng ruol a ni nawh. Eini le hieng ang hnam inhnuoi hi ei innei pol ding a ni nawh. European nuhmei ngei nei sien la chu misawnari thra tak ning a tih. Tuta inthok chu misawnaria hung suok ding reng reng hai chu nuhmei hung nei hmasa zet hai sien thrang a tih”7, tiin.

Misawnari ni sien ni naw sien, khang lai huna British mingohai, khawvela ramper nei lien tak, ram ni tla seng loa roreltua inngai, var inti le hausa bok hai khan eini mihriem le ramsa inkara la khawsa, ram keltil le trenbarama cheng hai hi mi hmusit naw ziezang ding an ni naw bok a nih. An ram bawngnene le khuoizu luongna ram thlakhla hlei thei loin, do le ral karah eini lai rong an hung bawl a, a threnin lu an hung phum a; dama an ram tieng kir nawk hai khom an hrat lai le an vanglai hun hmang zo hnunga an hringnun a zur tienga kir nawk an nih.

Misawnarihai kha taksa le thisena insieng ve tho, an hnam nunphung ruongam sunga inthoka hung seilien an ni ve leiin hriet thiem an umna chin a um. Amiruokchu, Sap rama an thaw dan, an naw leh Saphai sitael ti ringot loin, an nunphunga a thra le a thra naw thlier thiem tum ei ta; a thrahai ei nunphungah sawm lut ei ta, a thra naw hai chu insiemthratnan hmang lem ei tiu. Hnam dang dan thrahai la veng ei ta, An dan suol thik loin.

1:4. KOHRANAH INTHRENA CHI AN TU: Kohran pawl khat chauhin rong a bawlna hmunah dannaranin kohrana inthrena hi a um meuh nawh. Entirnan Ukhrul tlang dungah chu Hungdung khuo ti chauh naw chu khuo pakhatah biek in pakhat chauh a um pei a nih. Manipur tlangram pumpui hi American Baptist Mission (ABM) field-a hriet a ni lai zingin Pu Tlangval Watkin Roberts khan tuoltro mison, ieng denomination khoma innghat ni lo Thado Kuki Pioneer Mission (TKPM) chu kum 1910-in a hung phun a. ABM misawnari William Pettigrew-in theitawp suoin a lo do nghal a. Zawng tuor ding ngauin a tuor ti ang elin tuoltro ringtharhan an khawzawl ngeiah zalen taka Pathien chawibiek thei loa, suknomnatna tuor a, in dam inrawpek a, inhumhimna ding zonga thlavaia an tlansiet el hai dam kha chu na deuh a nih. Dawkasisiin Lt. Col.H.W.G.Cole chu Aizawla inthokin Imphalah kum 1914-1917 khan Political Agent-in a hung hlauh a. Watkin Roberts le R. Dala hai leh Aizawla lo inhmelhriet ta sa, Lusei trong thiem a ni bok a. ABM-TKPM kara ramri a sukfelpek a, chu chun buoina a sukdam chuong nawha chu a suknep deuh. William Pettigrew-in ieng khom a theinghil nawh a, tu khom a ngaidam bok nawh. TKPM-in Burma le Tripura chena ram a hung zauh phing leh, June 1923-in North East India General Mission (NEIGM) tiin thleng a hung ni ta a nih8.

NEIGM a hung insukdet ding char le inruolin Watkin Roberts le H.H.Coleman kara inhrietthiem nawna a hung suok nawk a. Misawnari lekha hluihai ei en veng veng chun ABM-TKPM buoina hmasa le NEIGM sunga buoina hi inzom tlat a nih. Pettigrew le a ruolpa, a kaiza vengtu J.C.Higgins (Manipur State Durbar-a Vice President-a inthoka Political Agent chena kaisang, Political Agent sin khom trum thum zet chel theitu) chun Coleman an tran nghal a. Kum 1930 May 23-in Higgins chun W.A.Cosgrave, Assam kuomah hieng ang hin lekha a thon nghe nghe: “Mr Coleman ripawt dan chun Mr W.Roberts chun sim thlang tlangram tieng mission thar ‘Indo-Burma Pioneer Mission’(IBPM) a’n din tah a. Mizoram ramri bul Tipaimukh-ah McCall, Political Superintendent, Aizawl khom a thang mek a, mi a man thei zat zat man dingin ka hei hril a nih. Mr Roberts hi ei la sop hne tawk nawin ka hriet- I feel that we have not yet finished Mr Roberts),”9 tiin.

Hi taka ei zuk suklang nuom tak chu, a rammihai suksuolna lei ni lo, doktrin lei khom ni bok lo, anni mingo mimal kara inhriethiem nawna leia eini laia kohran inthrenna chi an hung tu hi voisun chen a ra ei sik a nih. Hi lei hin Roberts thaw taphot chu thra sien se sien, ngai setan vong pawl ei um a. Chuong ang bokin, H.H.Coleman thaw taphot chu thra sien se sien, en sakhi vongtu ei um bok. Hi kohrana inthrena chi, misawnarihan an lo tu hi, voisun chena ei ram kohran hmasawna daltu, ei thrangmawbawk lien tak pakhat chu a nih.

Iemani ti kong zawnga thlir chun NEIGM sunga buoina kha malsawmna a nina chin khom a um. Buoia inthok khan tuoltro rongbawltuhai lai chi bing pawlitiks a hung lut a. Chu thu chu L.Keivom-in ‘Arthakzawl Pawlitiksi le Mission Buoina’ ti artikulah hieng ang hin a lo ziek a: “Buoina suok loin a fe pangngaiin fe zing sien chu Hmar tronga lekhabu tiem ding a um der naw ding a ni leiin Hmar literature nei naw ni hai a, tuhin chu an trong inhmang der tang an tih….Chuleiin mission buoi hmasak ra suok lieu lieu chu Hmar trong humhala um hi a nih. Hmar chauh ni lo, hieng Paite, Simte, Gangte, Vaiphei le hnam dang dang, NEIGM buoi hmaa a chim hai po po khan an trong an hum pha bok a nih.

Pathienin mani trong ngeia ama chawimawi le inpak a nuom a nih”10, tiin. H.K.Dohnunin kohrana thruoitu nina a hung chela inthokin Thangngur, Thangler, V.T. Kappu le mi dang dang, a hmaa Lusei trong ruoka hla lo phuoktuhai chu Hmar tronga phuok ta dingin a’n fui tawl a. Pathien zar le annihai zarin hla tuoltro tam tak an mi lo maksanpek a. Hienghai hi ei literature innghatna bulpui tak an hung ni tah a nih. Ei hla tuoltrohai hi ei sir vela unauhai laia ei ram lakna hmangruo an nih.

THRE HNINA
Mingo misawnarihai ei ramah Chanchin Thra hrila an hung khan, anni kohran dan le inthruoi dan chipchier tak zawm a, an thaw dan ang ang chu ringtharhai chun kawpi le la lut pei dingin an zirtir a. Ei hnam nuna thil thra le inzaum, khawtlang inthruoikhawmna dinga ei hmang tam tak chu a hmatiemin an mi hung sam faipek a. Chuong sa khom chun ei hnam rohlu le nunphung threnkhatah Chanchin Thrain zung nghet tak a hung kei a. Chuhai chu a tawi thei ang takin zuk sawr bing ei tih.

2:1 PATHIEN EI RING DAN: Ei suotlang hluia khom khan ei pi le puhai chun iengkim siemtu le malsawmtu umin an ring a. Dawi hla an insam chang khomin, “Hei! Chunga pathien, hnuoia pathien,” an lo ti hlak. Ramhuoi tri tlona an biek lai khomin, iengkim chunga thuneitu umin an hriet a, chu chu ‘pathien’ tiin an ko a nih. Ei suotlang tharah Chanchin Thra chu a tirin mikhuol angin a hung phot a, a hung tlangnel deuh deuh a, ei nunphungah zungpui a hung thlak ta a. Ringnawtu ei ni laia ei biek pathien chu ringtu ei ni hnung khomin ‘Pathien’, ei la ti zing a, ieng khom sukdanglam a um chuong nawh.

2:2 THLARAU KHAWVEL RING DAN: Ei suotlang hluia thlarau khawvel le ei suotlang thara thlarau khawvel chu a danglam meuh nawh. Ei pi le puhai chun mithi khuo um dingin an ring a, mithi khuo khelah chun pielral um dingin an ring bok a. Kristien ei ni hnunga pielral ei ring dan khom angkhat charin a la fe. Ei tronga pielral le Sap tronga paradise chu angkhat char a nih.
Entirnan ei hla tuoltrohaiah hieng ang hin ei sak hlak a:
Pielral ka ngai, ka Lal lengna,
Lungngai um nawna ram mawi chu.(Ind.231)
Pielral nisa ka lungrila a hung var tah.(Ind. 118)
Peilrala chawlna inhoi a um (Ind.308)

A danglamna tak chu ei suoltlang hluiah khan pielral chu thangsuohai
chauh kai theina a ni a; ei suotlang tharah ruok chu pielral chu mi
tin Isu Krista ringtu taphothai kai theina a ni tah.
Aw, Pathien nangma chanchin thra zara,
Lawmthu kan hril che;
Haleluija, Amen

Ei suotlang hluiah khan mithi khuo lampuiah tui chi khat lunglotui um dingin ei pi le puhai chun an ring a. Chu tui chu mi’n a dawn pha chun hi khawvel hi ngaina hrim hrim a nei ngai ta nawh. Chu mithi lampui boka chun par chi khat hoilopar umin an ring bok a, chu par chu thlieka mithi thlarauin a be pha chun hnung tieng ngaina hrim hrim a nei ngai ta nawh. Hi ring dan hlui hi ei suotlang tharah khom ei som pei a, inpakna hlaah hieng ang hin ei sak hlak:
Aw chu hmuna leng hai po chun,
An thre ta hai ngai lo dingin;
Hringna lunglotui an dawn tah,
An thliek lawmna hoilopar leh.

2:3 KHUONG: Hi hma khan khuong chungchang thu ei hril met tah a. Khuong hi ei hnam nunphung le nina (identity) phurtu tak laia pakhat a nih. Ei pi le puhai chun khuong hin rau nei dingin an ring. Khuong an tuk pha khom a sun tlangtu ding pahnam an hmu zo ngai nawh. Leiri pahnam sunga hnam siper Pudaite hai hi thiempu hnam, khuong rau khomin a baw ngam lo niin an lo ring hlak. Chuleiin, anni pahnam hi khuong an tuk pha an insun tlangtir hlak.11

Ei pi le puhai khan khuong hi chong chenna le zu hmuna insukhlimnaa an lo hmang tak a ni leiin misawnarihai khan hun sawt tak biek inah lak lut an mi phalpek nawh, an hmu setan tlat leiin. Nisienlakhom, hun a hung fe pei a. Khuong chu ei hnam nunphunga a ser laia a mei ang a ni tlat leiin ban song thei a ni nawh. Kum 1906-a harna (revival) a hung tlung lai khan, a bawlhlo poimaw tak khuongpui a thrang ta leiin, hlimna kha a let tamin a sukzuol a nih. A thu hrim hrima, misawnarihai khan, “tringtranghai, perkhuonghai, khuonghai leh Pathien hmaah an lam suou suou a” (I Kro 13:8) ti le “Khuongte bena hranglamin, Ama chu inpak ro” (Sam 150:4) ti dam hi an tiem naw amani ding. Chawibiek inkhawm le lengkhawma khuong boa tlei thei lo hai ei ni leiin khuong um nawna hmuna khom tuithei bek khuongin ei hmang tho tho hlak. Voisun ruok hin chu ei biek inah khuong hi a chongpu tak a ni nawk tah.

2:4 HNAM HLA THLUK: Hnam tinin zie le hmelhmang ei nei seng. Hnam zie laia poimaw tak pakhat chu hnam hla thluk a nih. Ei kawl vela Meitei le Bengalihai khomin hnam hla thluk bik an nei seng. Kristien ei hung ni tran a, Pathien inpakna hla ei la nei naw leiin, misawnarihai khan anni nunphung ruongama siem hlahai kha a mi lo inlet pek a, hun sawt tak chuong hlahai chu inkhor takin ei lo sak hlak. Sappui nunphung buzawla inthoka phuok an ni leiin, an hla thlukhai khom ei rawlbawk leh khom an inrem chie nawh. Solfa dana “Isu panin pên khat bek ei pèn naw dim a nih?”tia insak làm le khawvar chu intak ngot a tih.

Hun a hung fe pei a. Ringtu hmasahaiin misawnarihai zarah ziek le tiem an hung thiem tran a; hla tuoltro thu le hla tienga umzie inthuk tak tak nei, tamtak an mi lo maksanpek a A thlukhai hi Wales le London-a inthoka ei incha suok an ni nawh a, ei nunphung, ei Sikpui hla le Hranglam hla dang dang thluka inthoka hung tro suok el an nih.

Muol mi lo liemsan tah, Dr.Lalnghorlien chun ei hla tuoltrohai hi Hmar nun fe thlenga Pathien inlarna an nih, a ti chu.12 An dik ngot el. Mi dang thuomhnaw hawin Pathien inpak nawng ei tiu a, mani ta, mani thuomhnaw ngeiin Pathien chawibiekin inpak lem ei tiu. Trong a mi pek tlat leiin chu chu Pathien mi siem dan le dit dan khom a nih.

THU TLANGKAWMNA: Chanchin thra le tu kalchar khom an inkal nawh. Jentelhaiin thlarau an hung chang ve khan, Juda mi fir pawlhai khan Mosie dana ser an tan ve naw chun sandam ni naw ni hai an tih! Hi lei hin Jerusalem inkhawmpui an ko hiel a ni kha. Chanchin thra chun atirin thrungphain Juda kalchar a hung hmang a, Grik-hai lai Grik kalchar, chuonga hung fe peiin ei kalcharah a hung lut ve tah a nih. Chanchin thra hi tuihnuoilong ang a na, ei kalchar tuipui a liena an thuk po leh a him ding a nih. Amiruokchu tuihnuoilong chu tuipui chunga um ding an ni nawh a, tuipui sunga um ding a ni ang bokin Chanchin thra chu ei kalchar ruongam sunga lak lut le cheibawl dan ei thiem ding a nih.

Chanchin thra le kalchar intringmit dan Prof. John S.Mbiti chun hieng ang hin a lo ziek a: “The Gospel does not throw out culture; to the contrary, it comes into our culture, it settles there, it brings its impact on our total life within that culture. It is within our culture that God loves us and calls us to repentance; it is also within our culture that God wants us to love, worship and obey Him. God does not want us to be aliens to our culture- but only aliens to sin. Our culture is the medium of receiving, diffusing, tuning in and relaying the Gospel. Without culture, we would not hear the Gospel, we would not believe the Gospel, and we would not inherit the promises of the Gospel”.13

Chanchin thra hung lut hma chun hnam ei ni hmasa a. Chanchin thra hung lut hnung ruok chun Kristien ni hmasa lem ei ta, chu hnunga chun ieng hnam hnam khom ei inti ding chauh a nih. A poimaw tak chu Lalpa chu Pathiena nei hnam ni hi a nih. Rochungtua thlang tlak, Pathien hriet, hnam hamthra ni tum ei tiu. Kristiennain kum za a mi chenchil ta chun, Kristien nuna puitling chauh ni loin, ei sir vela mi danghai enton tlak le inchuk thei khopin nun khal tum tang ei tiu.

Hril tlang ding:
1. Ei suotlang hluia nuhmei pasal innei dan- man le muol mumal tak ei lo nei a. Kristien ei ni hmaa man le muol hai kha Kristien ei ni hnung khomin ei la hmang zom zing. An danglamna met chu sekhat (siel pakhat) ti kha a poisan ei inchangtir ringot a nih. Hi man le muol ei la hmang zing hi Chanchin thra le an hmein ei hriet am?

2. Hnam identity innghatna poimaw em em laia pakhat chu hnam làm le kûthai hi an nih. Ei suotlang hluia chun Sikpui Kût hi kum hnienghnar trum, khawtlanga hri le hrai tuok loa thina khom a um naw leia umni khama insukhlimnaa an lo hmang hlak hi ramhuoi bieknaa hmang a ni nawh a. Man le muol hman ei hmang zom si chun, Sikpui Kût hi ‘Aigupta thil, hlui hlawn thil’ iem a nina a um a? Mizoram, zaa za Kristien tia insal ngam hmanin a sorkar meuhin hma lain, holiday hiel puongin Chapchar Kut kum tin a hmang ta si a. Abikin ei Sikpui Kût le lam dam hi sukvul zing a thra naw maw?

References:
1.Lal Dena, Christian Missions and Colonialism, Vendrame Institute, Shillong, 1988, pp.20 & 22.
2.Rohmingliana, ‘Nun Hlui Thlir letna’, Thu leh Hla, Aizawl, December,1983, pp.12-13.
3. Lal Dena, op cit. pp. 31-32.
4. Ibid.pp.94-95.
5. McCall’s letter to Rev E.L.Mendus, Sylhet, 24 June, 1943.
6. Lawmkunga,P.C.,‘Mizote leh Sap Tih Dan’ in Lentlang, Mizo Literature Society, Churachandpur,2004, p.40.
7. D.E.Jones’ letter to R.J. Williams, Aizawl, 13th December, 1906.
8. L. Keivom, Zoram Khawvel 6, Aizawl, 2000, p.104.
9. Higgins’ letter to W.A. Cosgrave, in Foreign and Pol. Department, Govt. of India, 1920-1930.
10. L. Keivom, ‘Arthakzawl Politiksi le Mission Buoina; Thuro, June, 1986, p.9.
11. Suoka, Pudaite, ‘Kristienhaiin Khuong ei vuok phutna’ Thuro, May, 1984, p. 207.
12. Lalnghawrlien, ‘I Lo Ngaituo Ve Hlak Am?’ Thuro, November,1983, p.21.
13. John S. Mbiti, ‘Christianity and African Culture’, in Evangelical Review of Theology Greater, Kailash II, New Delhi. Vol.3, No. 2, October, 1979, p.185.

[*Editor's Note: Prof Dena, teaches at Manipur University's Dept of History. He is well versed not only with the history of northeast India but has written many articles and books on the history of the Hmar tribe. This well researched material is from his recently held seminar paper]