MISAWNARI SULHNUNG: LEKHABU THLIRNA

By Pu L.Keivom*

The spread of Christianity into the non-Western world, principally as a missionary achievement, is one of the great success stories of all history.

-Ruth A. Tucker

Kum 2010 chu Zabili kum (Centenary Year) a ni bok a, a kum le inphuin Saptrong le Hmar trong chokpol Souvenir le lekhabu iemani zat zet a suok a. Chuong lekhabuhai laia suok hnuhnung tak chu ka tupa Ramthienghlim Varte buotsaih ‘Rev. Thattinlien Sungte: Lal Sipai Tha Le Ringum’, phek 254-a sa, Pi Khawtinkung Buhril sutpek a nih. Phek 140 chu thu ziekin a hluo a, a dang 111 chu solfa le inkop a hla phuok 56-in. Misawnari a ni hmaa Tlâng hla (hla lenglawng) a phuok, a hla phuok danghai neka hla mize nei lem le bel chieng dawl lem, naupang inchuk ding sabzeka thlang hlaw um sun pahnih- Nemrang Puon le Pi Burtui- le trong pathum-Hmar, English, Hindi- inpola a phuok hnampui hla ‘Chûnnu India’ tihai chu a thrang sa ve nawh. A hla phuokhai chu Hmar Hla Suina (1980- p.225-227) a ka thluoi tah sa a ni leiin le ka hmu dan a la danglam chuong naw leiin hril non ngai loin ka ring nghal tum a nih.

Kum 1958 September khan Sartuinek tlangval, Thattinlien Sungte, Chawnga naupa chun ramthima rong bawl dinga a lungrila chona um chu ngai poimawin an khuo a suoksan a, Churachandpur a pan a. Americaa inthoka sutria hung, IBPM Executive Director ni lai Rochunga Pudaite-in ringtu an la um nawna Bhutan ramin rongbawltu a mamawzie thu Saikot inkhawmpuia a hril a ngaithlak chun a lungril a tawk a, chu ram ngei chu sut dingin kum khat hnung, October 1959 khan a’n thok suok a, West Bengal hmar tieng, Darjeeling District-a sub-division pakhat khawpui Kalimpong-ah a lut a, February 1, 1960-in Bhutan ramah a lut a, ni ruk hnungah Bhutan khawpui Thimphu-ah a’n vak lut tah a nih.

Thimphua inthoka hung kirin Saikotah inkhawmpui a hmang a, Mizoram a sir bok a, Kalimpong tieng a kir nawk a, March 15, 1962 khan Border Road Organisation (BRO) hnuoia General Reserve Engineer Force (GREF) an indinhai lampui siemnaa inhlawhai angin Bhutan ramah a lut a, Deothong-ah hmun a khuor a. Deothong hi India ram dep simsaka um, Samdrup Jongkhar District-a an hmunpui a ni bakah Royal Bhutan Army camp a um a, kum thum technical course inchukna Royal Bhutan Polytechnic (RBP) le Middle Secondary School a um bok a, hmun poimaw pakhat ve a nih.

January 12, 1966 khan Lunglei Government High School zirtirtu Lalnguri Sailo chu nuhmeiah a nei a. Sûl-inlea Mizorama an fe hnungin a nuhmei leh MNF thil le inzomin an man a, Nowgong Jail-ah kum thum an intang a. Ama chu 1970 khan an insuo a, a nuhmei ruok chu a case a la fel naw leiin Silchar Jail tieng an son a, chu taka inthok chun Aizawl Jail tieng an son tung nawk a. September 1971-ah a case an zo hnung chun Lalnguri chu a pasal umna Bhutan ram tieng a kir a, zirtirtu sin thawin a pasal rongbawlna chu a thlop thei nawk tah a nih.

Rev. Thattinlien Sungte le a sunghai chu 1971-1996 sung Bhutana an um hnungin Shillong-ah an kai tung a. Kum 1997-a EAC kohran an indin chun local pastor-ah an sie nghal a. A nuhmei Lalnguri chun January 10, 2001 khan muol a liemsan a; February 16, 2010 khan kum 79 mi niin ama khomin a nuhmei chu a zui ve tah a nih. A kohran umnain Gospel Centenary ni February 5, 2010-ah hmang ve hai sien chuh, a nghakhla èm ém, zabili champha hmang zoin chatuon inah lungawi takin a’n lawi ding a ni vei leh, Coleman Factor-in chu chu a phal si nawh. Nau pasal 1 le nau nuhmei 3 a thisan. Hi hi a tawi zawngin ei lekhabu thlir lai thu fun tlangpui chu a nih.

Mi dangdai

Rev. T. Sungte hi pa dangdai le mi chungchuong pakhat ve niin ka hriet. Thil vâng tak, thu hril thiemna, thu ziek thiemna, hla phuok thiemna le sak thiemna talen kol kop a nih. Chuong ang thilpek kol kop vong chuh khaw lai khom hmu ding an tam nawh. Ieng thu khom hril sien, ama tukvera inthoka a thlir dan, a awm thusuok ngei, inbulna (originality) nei, chu chu mawi tak, fie tak le thlum taka hril suokna ding trongkam hmangruo ser thiem mi a nih. Rawl truo thra tak le inring tak nei; hla sak thiem, hla phuok thiem, solfa thiem, pulpita inthoka thu le hlaa inruol ronga ngaithlatuhai inawi thei; tekhin thu ding pi le puhai chanchin le tienami hre ém èm; mi intîm taka inlang, sienkhom a huna chu inzak thrak loa hoihawm tak, inza tak le nêl taka mi pawl ngam le pawl thiem mi a nih.

Bhutan rama a lut tran lai chanchin ngainuomum tak el chuh Hmar-Mizo trong le Lusei-Mizo trongin a hung ziek hlak a. Chuonghai chu chanchinbu hrang hrang le thla kip suok magazine-a hai an hung insuo uoi uoi a. Mizoram tienga suok, abikin sorkar magazine Meichher, Synod magazine Kristian Tlangau le Mizo Academy of Letters (MAL) magazine, Thu leh Hla –a hung suok, ka hmu phak taphot chu ka sie thra hlak a. Kan inhmu zatin artikul el bakah a chanchin (autobiography) ziek ngei dingin ka ngên non zie a. Shillong tieng a um hnunga kan inhmuin typewriter a nei naw leia a nuom anga lekha a ziek thei naw thu a mi hril a. Delhi tieng ka kirin ngai poimaw takin ka portable typewriter, la thar thra tak el chu ka thon a, a phurtu khom Pu Ruolneikhum Pakhuongte a ni nghe nghe. Chu hnung chun, Delhi tlangah voi iemani zat kan inhmu a, sienkhom a hriselnain tlum tieng a pan pei leiin lekha ziek dingin ka nor ngam ta naw a. Khang anga lekha ziek pei le ziek thiem, Zoram khawvel rûn hlaktu kha, vate hmûr khuop ang elin, muol a liem chenin, chanchinbuah a rè tah vang vang a nih.

Ei lekhabu thlir lai thuhmaah “Mi tam takin a chanchin ziek dingin an phùt hlak a, a nuom ngai nawh. Kei khawmin ka phût ve hlak a, ‘Isun a mi zawng suok dan le ei ta dinga an pekna hi ka ngaituo pha Bhutan rama ka rawngbawlna hi mi laia hril khawp ni’n ka hriet naw bakah insuk langsar tumna dama min ngai rawi an tih, ka damsung hin chu la buoipui naw phawt ro. A tûl vieuva in hriet chun damten la hung buoipui lem ro’ a ti hlak” (p.x) tiin ka tupa-in a ziek a.

Thu pêhèla a sàngna hi Saptrong chun ‘diplomatic answer’ an ti a, chu chu a zawna indon sang a, a thil indon tak ruok chu sang fu nuom si loa pumpel ti a kawk. Inhril hlîpnaa (scapegoat) a suonlam hmang chu Isu a ni daih! Chu chun zawna poimaw tak tak a cho suok a, chuong laia threnkhat chu: Kha hmaa Bhutan rama a rongbawlna thu le a tuor nasatzie tam tak a ziek, chanchinbua an insuo uoi uoi lai khan a suonlam hmang hi a lo la ngaituo naw ning a ti? A damsung chuh buoipui lo phot dinga a ti hih, a rongbawlna hung sui chieng hai sien, miin an ring ang hehu a lo ni si naw chun, muolpho palh a’n lau lei ning a ti? A rongbawlna hi a hlawk chun a bawl hlawk dan le a san, a hlawk naw chun a hlawsamna san, a missionary method hmanghai chu a hnunga rongbawltuhaiin an la hung hmang trangkai thei dinga zieka tar lang chu a tha bat sut ding, mawphurna a hlen ngei ding a ni naw am a ni? A rongbawlnaa ni tina Pathienin a hma a thruoi dan, a testimawni chu mi kuoma hril châk hlie hlie ding ni awm tak, to inchu lem dinga hriltu chu ieng thlarau am ni tang a ta?

Hi lekhabu thu laimu tak chu Bhutan rama Rev. T. Sungte rongbawlna a nih. Amiruokchu, a bu ei tiem suok chenin Bhutan rama a rongbawl dan, ieng ang method am hmangin Krista kuomah mi a thruoi lut, ieng harsatna le dodalna am a tuok a, chuonghai chu ieng tin am a hne thei, ringthar a thruoi luthai chu ieng tin am Pathien thua chawmin a enkol tlei tihai le thil dang dang, abikin bulthrut a lo rem chunga a hnunga mi dangin hma an hung lak pei dan ding thu dam hrilna a um nawh. Ei hmu sun chu, inbuotsai lawkna mumal um loa a hrum a hriela ui mawl ram suka Bhutan khawpui Thimphua a fe thu a ni deuh ringot. A rongbawlna dang po po chu Bhutan ramah ni loin, a biel puo tieng India ram hmun hrang hranga inkhawmpui le crusade vela voi sawmthum chuong zet a thrang thu dam le Nowgong Jail-a MNF thil leia an intang lai thu dam a ni lem.

Tiktlaina dangdai

Chuong chu a ni laiin, ka tupa hi pa tiktlai deu el a ni a, mark a pek thra khop el. “Bhutan rama a rawngbawlnaa ringthar mi 3000 neka tam a siem hman a, hril uor ni sien chuh a sing telin hril mei a tih. Ama ngeiin Baptisma an changtir chie hai chu 1000 bawr vel ni dingin a ring” (p.130-131) tiin a ziek. A tiktlaizie hril tâka chun, kha hma khom khan, Dr. Thanglung kha ‘Father of Hmar Literature’ a nizie namnghet a tumna luotah Baibul-a bu tam lem hi Dr. Thanglung lekhabu ziekah a sie lut a nih (Ref. Delhi Thurawn, February 17, 2008). A chunga Rev. T. Sungte-in ringthar a man zat a ziek khom hi a tiktlaina bawma khum sa ve him tak dingin ka ring. A san chu a hnuoia hin ei la hril pei ding a nih.

Tuta Bhutan rama mihriem um zat hi nuoi sari vela ngai a nih. 75% vel chu an ram le sorkar sakhuoa an pom Mahayana Buddhism (Drukpa Kagyupa) zuitu an ni a, 20% vel chu Hindu sakhaw betu, Nepali pêm deuh vong an ni a, a dang po chuh pipu sakhuo le sakhaw dang dang betu an nih. Kum 2008-a Constitution thar an lak lut khan a hmingin le a thuphungin, mani nuom nuom sakhuo zui phalna a uma chu mani sakhuo inphatsana sakhaw danga lut dinga inthlêm (proselytize) chu khap tlat a nih. October 6, 2010 khom khan Nepali tirko pakhat Prem Singh Gurung chun Nepali film inentir malamin a karlakah kristien film an entir leiin kum thum lung in intâng dingin a chungthu an rèl a nih. Tu hin khawvel hmun hrang hranga kristien pawl le human rights organization haiin Gurung hi insuo dingin Bhutan sorkar an nor mek a nih.

Bhutan rama kristien um zat hi hriet chieng a ni nawa chu 6000 bawr vel ni dinga ngai a ni a, chuonghai chu Nepali deu vong, a tam lem chuh Bhutan sim tieng, India le inramrina laia khawsa an nih. Rev. T. Sungte umna Deothong khom hi Bhutan sim tieng India ramri bula um a ni a, 2005 intiem khan hi khuoa hin mihriem 2644 an um. An rêngin kristien-ah inlet vong hai sien khom kristiena Rev. Thattinlienin a siem zat nia hril hi a phak naw hrim hrim. Chun, mi 3000 kristiena inchangtir ding chun ni tin pakhat thruoi lut inla khom chawl loa kum riet lai thaw zom ngat ngat a ngai. A sîng zawnga tama inhriltir tum lem chu, Baibul a thon leia Communist pukhawi Nikita S. Kruschev, First Secretary, Soviet Communist Party a piengthar ti le hril kop a tum ang hi a ni a, (p.84) thingtlang nupui titi ding le Tuolte Vanglai bawma khum ding khomin a talaw deuh a hoi.

Ui mawl ram suk

Kum 1968-69 khan Indian Revenue Service (Customs & Excise) a trening kan thaw laiin West Bengal hmar tieng Cooch Behar-ah Tobacco trening-in kâr ruk, Naxalbari Tea Estates-ah thingpui trening-in kar ruk bok, chu zoah 1969 khan Alipurduar-ah thla ruk sung Independent Charge la-in Assistant Collector sin ka thaw a, ka nuhmei le nauhai leh kan um a. Lesser Himalayas an ti tlang bul, Darjeeling tlang thrut le Bhutan tlang thrut phaizawl, Duar an ti po po, thingpui bil tamna lai hi ka biel a ni a, eini lai chu hi lai ram hi a hre chieng pawl tak ka ni ka ring. Bhutan lutna kotsuo Phunsoling khom hi voi iemani zat ka sir ta a. Hi khaw ep, India ram tienga khuo chu Jaigoan an ti a, Bhutan rama rong bawl nuomtuhai ta dinga insaisangna ding hmun khàn thra a nih.

Hieng lai ram fanga kan zin changin, kum sawm liem taa ke lawnga Rev. T. Sungte inzinna chanchin, ama ngeiin a ziek ka lo tiem tah hlak chu ngaituonaah a châm zing hlak a. Phunsolinga inthoka tlangram intran hma lem hi chu zawl awt, lampui inhoi tak vong a ni a. Inbuotsaina tlawmte bek lo nei sien chuh, olsam takin Thimphu khom a hang lut el ding bah! ti dam a min ngaituotir hlak. Hreipui mawla thing chang phùr tum chu thâ a hè bakah a hlawk naw ang bokin, Rev. T. Sungte misawnari method hmang, inbuotsaina thra um mumal loa ui mawl ram suk ringota ramthim baw hang hlawk nawzie chu ama neka hre chiengtu ei um naw el thei. A tuorna le a ra suok an intu naw hlein a’n lang a; a sulhnung sui zui ding a um naw a ni khomin thil maka lak ding a ni nawh. Inbuotsaina thra chu sin chenve zo tah ang a nih. Hreipui tât ngei zeta thing phùra fe a thra a; phùr a olsamin a truonrang lem.

Parakraf dangdai

Ei lekhabu thlir lai hin dangdaina rieu pakhat a nei a, chu chu hang zep sa vak ei tih. Kum tam tak kohran pawl hrang hrangin Bhutan ram hi an lo sai hnung daiha iengkim deuthawah a hmasa tak nina lallukhum Rev. Sungte a’n khumtir hi indikin indik naw sien, a ziektu tiktlaina zawng thilah sie inla; chun, ‘tl, thl’ a a buoina le ziek zom le zom lo thila a buoina khom hi ama inthiel fai dingin sie bok inla. Tu lai thilah, chanchinbu mihai lem chun sentence tin deuthaw hi parakraf hrana ziek an chìng hnunga 1800 bawr tung laia ziektu hmingthang Henry James hai, Franz Kafka hai, Thomas Mann hai, Leo Tolstoy hai le mi dang dang dungthula parakraf sei, a thren lem chu phek hni neka sei hiel a thur suok ruok hi chuh gospel zabili kuma lekhabu le souvenir suok po po laia hi lekhabu dangdai chungchuongna a ni ka ring.

Tlangkawmna

Ieng lekhabu khom hi a famkim a um naw ang bokin hi lekhabu khom hin baksamna a hau a nih ti chu hmawsaruma buotsaitu, a ziektu ngeiin thuhmaa insirkhalna thu (p.xi) a zepa hin a chieng sa a. Lekhabu hrang hrang hi a thu phur zirin zierang hrang hrang nei a ni a. Misawnari chanchin ziekna lekhabu hrang hrang ei tiem khomin zierang bik deuh an nei a. Chuong lekhabu tam tak laia entona hmang tlak pakhat nia ka hriet chu Ruth A. Tucker buotsaih, From Jerusalem to Irian Jaya: A Biographical History of Christian Missions (1983) a nih. Chu zierang phantu tak chu a changtu thil thaw le a ra suok hmu thei le sui theia um hai chu an nih. Hi lekhabua hin chu zierang chu hmu ding a um naw tluk a nih. A changtuin ama ngeia a chanchin a ziek, a thren chu a bua a siem, a thren ruok chu chanchinbu hrang hranga an insuohai kha pakhat khom hril sa a um naw a, Pastor Lalliantluanga Pachuau-in Mizo-Lusei tronga a ziek a rawn thu chauh a chuong. A changtu lekha ziekhai hi khon khawmin, ama kam thusuok ngeia inthokin a changtu hin a chanchin hril lem sien chuh, a lekhabu hlutna hi nasa takin a sukpung ring a um.

Ngaituona hmanga hi lekhabu tiemtuhaiin an tiem zo phaa an indon ding chu: A rongbawlna ra suok le a sulhnung sui ding a um am? Ringtua a siem nia hrilhai lai khan hming le address nei ieng zat am an um a? A hnung sui zuitu ding le a rongbawlna sunzom pei ding mi ieng zat am a ser hman a? Chuonga a’n thloppuihai chu a ram mi am Nepali? Nepali an ni chun Bhutan sorkarin kum sawm chuong liem taa nuoi khat nêka tam hiel a rama inthoka a hnot suok, refugee camp-a umhai laia mi dam an ni pal am? Ei lekhabu thlir laia hming chuong ei hmuhai chu Nepali deuh vong an nih. Anni hi sorkar ringhlel le huphur kai an ni leiin fimkhur taka inthloppui thiem ngai mei a tih. An pung hrat leiin Darjeeling District an chìm nel ta a, Sikkim an chìm nel ta bok a, an inveng fimkhur naw chun a dota an tam chilh le chìm nel thei ding chu Bhutan a ni a, tu khom hin 20% chuong an ni hman dèr tah.

Ramthim ei bawna dinga chenghai ngirhmun hriet chieng hi a poimaw takzet. Hmun khàn thra thlang fuk a poimaw bok. Paula rongbawlna hmunhai kha ei bi chieng chun, sorkar le sumdawngna hmun poimaw a ni zat zat. Bhutan rama inthoka India ram paw theina khàn amanih trum (route) hi 18 a um a, a lampui lûnna tak chu Jaigoan/Phunsoling fe thleng lam, an khawpui Thimphu sun hi a nih. Hi kotsuoa khuo hi a ramin châk a lakna tak a nih. Rev. T. Sungte insaisangna Deothong hi Bhutan simsak, Assam le inramrinaa um a ni a, sienkhom insaisangna ding chun Jaigoan/Phunsoling a thrat lem daih ring a um. Chuong chu ni siin, ieng leia Deothong-ah umhmun a khuor lem am ning a ta? Khàn thra lema a ngai a ni chun, a ngaina san ieng am ning a ta? Chu donnaa chun rongbawl dan ding a lo phan dan, a missionary strategy hriet thei ning a ta, sunzom dan khom zong pei dan um ngei a tih.

Gospel Centenary chen ei lo hmang zo taa chuh ei ram se vel le a puo tienga ei rongbawlna hin hma a sawn hrat naw hle a, kristien ei nia inthoka kum 15 sunga ramthim ei lak zat kha kum 80 sung hin ei lak teuh ta nawh. Ei rongbawlna a sukuk tranna chu misawn buoi 1929-a Coleman Factor-in a mi dawi veta inthok khan niin a’n lang. Chu kansar trium invoihai chun ramthim ei tawnna taphota thaw ei ching chu pawl hminga gospel tù le ei tù ruola ei kansar zung annia thun sa trèp trép a nih. Chu kansar zung chu Bhutanah ei inzam luttir vaih chun, ei hnuhma sui zui ding a um naw a ni khomin thil maka ngai ding a ni nawh. Sienkhom, a lang ringotin a rongbawlna hlutzie ei buk thei naw a, a rûka iengkim hretu, hmutu le hmu lawktu Pathien chun a thilthaw ang peiin chawimawina amanih muolphona amanih la’n khumtir a ta, pawl thrahnemngaina le inzoma a ziektu lallukhum inkhumtir hi pom kher naw nih. Iengkim chunga roreltu a ni a, Bhutan ram le a sunga chenghai khom ama siem, ama zara hring le chàng vong an nih.

(January 26, 2011 Delhi)