INPUI: Hmar News & Info

Ka hming chuh Sumneichawng a na, Chawngi tiin an mi ko hlak – Nupui pakhat.

By Pu Ramthienghlim Varte*, Senior Anthropologist, Shillong

Hmingphuok hih khun taka ngaituo le uluk a ngai zie chuh Baibul besan khawmin hmu ding tam tak a um. Thiempu Zakaria chun Aron thla a mi nunghak Elizabeth nuhmeiin a nei, a ching leiin nau pasal Lalpa kuomah an hni hlak a. Biekbuka rawngbawl a riminhnik a raw lai Lalpa Vantirko a hung inlar a, “ Zakaria i thil hni khah hriet a nih, i nuhmei Elizabethin nau pasal nei pek ati che a, a hmingah JOHAN i sak ding a nih” tiin. Chuongang peiin, Pathien nau Lal Isu khawm an siengna ding nunghak inthieng Mary kuomah Lalpa Vantirkovin “ Inrai i ta, nau pasal nei i ta, a hmingah ISU i sak ding a nih” tiin an pienghma’n an hming chen phuokpek nghal an nih. Chun, Pathienin mi a hmang nuom le a ditsakhai chuh hming nei tasa khawm a thlak pek tawp tawpel el bawk a nih. eg. Saula- Paula tiin , Jakop- Isreal …

Sambalpur University, Orissa a M.Sc final year kan chuklai ka ruolpa’n a upa nau hmasa tak hmingphuokna programme a thang dingin ami fiel a. An lak ursun em em el a, zantieng kan tlunga, hmingphuok hma chuh bufak thienglo alo a nih. Zingkhuo a hung var a, an puithiemin ramtin-ramtang khik kuolin thu an sam a, a zo el ding rawm kati chuh sun 12:00 velin a hming dinga anlo riruong pathum khah pakhat khatin darkar iemani zat ala hei chai kuolvel khah chuh nau hmingphuok a ka thanglai po po ka thawfuknaw tak awm. Hih, nau hmingphuok leia bu ka nghei vawikhatna ana, riekna mumal bawk lo chun zan a sawtin tamsawlin ka thivang a nih.

Hmingphuok hih an tih annawm, tien tienlai ei rama khuo pakhat a um a, hmingphuoktu an nei a, ama chuh danginawk, tawngthatheilo a nih. Chuleiin, nau hungpienghai chuh action-in an hming a phuokpek hlak a. Naute hmingphuok ding a um chun an kova naute chuh a hei en vung vunga annui sut chun a hming chuh - Lal hlimpuia, a khek rak leh –Lal Auva, a khup an tung chun- Khuptung , a kut a khai chun- Khailuaia…. tina a nih an ti pei a, an lawm em em tho.

HMING DANGDAI

Hmingphuok thua chuh Khasi (Bak)-hai hih khawvel hnam ka hmuphak chinah a dangdai pawl tak an ni ka ring. Pa pakhatin Motor a hau em em a, a nauhai hming dingin hiengang hin– Power Stearing Dkhar(P.S.Dkhar), First Gear Dkhar (F.G.Dkhar), Driver Dkhar (D.Dkhar), Brake Oil Dkhar (B.O.Dkhar), Four wheel Dkhar( F.W.Dkhar), chun naunei an beiseinaw hnungin pakhat dang a hung nei nawk a Special Gear Dkhar ( S.G.Dkhar) an buk an tih. Chun, June thla a pienghai chuh June Flora Tariang dam an ti a. Ofis ah naupang attestation thawdinga an hung changhin hming mak tak tak hrilding a tam - Hopeless annawleh Hopeful Lyngdoh dam, I love you, Evergreen, Full Moon, Hammer… hming pakhat lem chuh Mr King Gobra ti a nih. Pui tak a nih.

Unau Garohai khawm anni tho. Pu Rohminglien IFS Garo Hills ah DFO a um lai khan Garo haiin vadungpang phaiphin lai Wrestling Competition annei hlak ani awm a, hi wrestling defending champion chuh Champion M. Sangma a nih. Amiruokhuh, tuta tum hin a champ. phak ta naw a. Winner chuh Loster P. Sangma ana, runners up chuh Standing Sangma a nih. D.C.-in lawmman a hei sem a, runners up lawmman Standing Sangma-in hung la raw seh ti a vadung khawk rum ruma a mike in a hei puong chuh ‘Lo nghak ro, Standing Sangma Phaiphin lai a ruolpa Sitting Sangma leh an inthung a tuhin lawmman la dingin a hung mek’ tiin an hung hril a ti chuh.

Vawikhat chuh, EPIC (Elect. Photo I-Card) thawdingin Polling Station pakhat, Shillongah ka fe a, mi pakhat a hunglut a, a hming chuh J.D.Kharkongor a nih. An hming hih a mak thei em leiin ka rawipa ka hei indawn tir a. J.D. is stand for what a hei ti chuh- Joint Director a ti a. Asanchuh, a pu hih Agriculture Department a Jt. Director a pension ana, chu hrietzingna dinga phuok alo ni zing.

Chun, an hmingin an inko zen zen nawh. Upa tak chuh Bah-Hep, an milaihai Bah-Deng, a naupang tak Bah-Doh tia inko deuvawng an nih, an nuhmeihai khawm chuong tho. Chuleiin, an hming indiktak besanin va zawng la pansak-panthlang khawm an inhrietpawnaw reng reng a, zawngsuok an harsa. Mak deu an nih.

Hnam tinin hmingphuok le putdan tlangpui ei nei seng a, eini khawm thenkhat chun ei lak ursun em em a, sakhuona a kulmut deuhai lem chun LAL thanglovin hming ei phuok theinaw vang an tah. Baibul a record tha thahai hming hih ei dit zuol a, Johan Lalramsan, Paul Lalringsan, Solomon Remruotthiem, Crusade Lalhmingmak, Kalvarimawi, Pielralmawi, Lalremruot, Stephan Lalhmangai le dang dang ei hei phuok a. Ei phuok nasanhai thatthei vei leh, an hung nunghak-tlangval a thenkhat chuh suol thaw’n nun an hmang a, thina chenin an chung ro a hung rel pek a. Paula an khai hlum, Johan O.D.-in a thi, Solomonin Johan chemte’n a sun hlum, No. 4 zawra sumdawng Stephan Hmar chuh Police haiin an man tihai dam hih chuh an hming le chetdan an tuh naw taluo bek bek leiin ngaithlak pei a umnaw thei hle. A tha ti lei ringawt a thaw rawk rawk chi khawm nisien a hawi naw khawpel. Hming an put pekhai le Isu rorelna Court a an inhmaituok hun ding ngaituo lem chun huphur um tak a nih.

Chun, Assam ram a ei unauhai hming hih an dang nawk deu hlek a. Lam harsa deu deu saphming um bawklo- hieng Sumkamrum, Thiltinlut, Sumtinkam, Sumhluhrawng, Lalneikhup, Ruolsangkam, Ralchawngkam, Neichawngkam, Hlikamhrang, Khuptinlut le dang dang.

Vai ram le hmun dang danga ei ruolpawlna le umna ah ei hming tluonsuok ei hril chun hriet harsa an ti em em a, keikhawm vawisun chen hin Ofis a ka sinthawpuihai chun ka hming nilovin ka tittle Varte hih an mi kona ana, chu khawm chuh a ziek dik theilo an la tam el. Ei hming lam intak taluo leiin ruollai khawm ei inlar theinaw chang hih a umve. Hming tluonsuok ei hril lem chun a ngaina an hriet nawh, inchuktir fet hnung khawmin an kam an khap fuk tak tak thei chuong naw leiin mi be nuom le ruola misiem nuom tamtakhai bieknaw phana khawm a ni bawk hlak. Hollo, Hai ! ti ringawta in address dam hi mi po povin thaw pangai a einei ani leiin naupang intehlem bawl nekin a nep lem.

THAWDAN THA LE REMCHANG

A chunga hmingphuok dan ei hei tarlang hai hih mak tak tak khawm lo umsien ei khawtlang nun le hnam niphung ani tlat leiin tukhawmin ei insawisel thei naw a. Amiruokchuh, thangtharhai hriet ding le bengvarna ding thiltha ni a ka hriet chuh ei unau Mizohai thilching tha deu el a um. Chuh, hi hi a nih. Inhmelhietna dinga an hming ei indawn chun ka hming chuh Lalrinzuali ani a, Rinte/Ma-rin tiin an mi ko hlak, kei ka hming chuh Lal ramchhanchhuaka ani a, Chhana/Chhante tiin an mi ko hlak, Ka hming chuh Zoramdinthara a ni a Zoram tiin an mi ko hlak… tiin an inhril hlak hih a thain a remchang hle. Hienganghin kalo tive ngainaw leiin thenkhatin hmingtluonin, thenkhatin, Rama, Thienga, Thienghlim, RT, R.Th, thenkhatin Varte tiin hming lamtawi a an mi kona an dang vawng leiin a remchangnawna a tam. Synod Higher Secondary School, Aizawl a ka thawklai Pu Rozama Chawngthu chun naupanghai a hril uor thei em em khah hotu feltak alo nih.

Thangthar le tharlo tulai khawvel a ding chun ei ruolpawlna le chengna hi a zau tah a, khawlai khawm um inla hmasawn nuom eini bawk leiin hming le inko danah mihai hrietthiem awlzawng a inhril hi a tha. Chun tittle/clan ei bel ani khawmin hming tluonsuok le tittle hril phawt a hming lamtawi (surname) an mi kona ei nei ani chun bau zang deuva hrilvat hih thiltha nin an lang bawk.

Ka hming chuh Sumtinlut ana, Suma tiin an mi ko hlak, ka hming chuh Ramthienghlim Varte ana Rama tiin an mi ko hlak, ka hming chuh Gospel Centenary Zarzokim ana Gospel tiin an mi ko hlak….. ti hlak inla bengvar hlawna ani ve ngei ka ring. Chun, bau zang hieu le inza taka ei ngirhmun dungzuia Pu, Pa, Pi tihai hih tawngbau hring ana, ngaithlatu tading khawmin lungril a suk hrisel a, lawm a um. Chuong nilova, hawrawp pui (Capital Letter)-a in-mawl biek a insuortluon el hin chuh digest an takin inbiekna boruok a zang hieu thei ngai naw a, hnam changkanghaiin an thawngainaw bawk. Chuleiin, In-mawl biek hi mawlcho suklangtu ana, a hmangtu chuh mi-mawl a ni el. Mi lungril tha le fel khawm nisien a thatna le felna khan a mawlna a hliekhu zo thei tak tak ngai nawh tihi hrein hmingphuok le inko danah fimkhurin, hmasawn tum inla nuom a um.

The recent Mizoram government notification on constituency delimitation under Sinlung Hills Development Council (SHDC) has invited the ire of the Hmar Welfare Committee so much so that the organisation has planned a protest rally during which copies of the notification “will be set on fire” to register their protest.

Read the Full Report Here

By Pu L.Keivom*, Inpui.Com Columnist

O God, we give our land to Thee,

Our backward land now in darkness;

Let thy bright light shine over us,

And bless us, O Lord, we pray.[1]

-Lalkhum Keivom Rangoon, 1946)

            Thla hni lai liem tah khan South India-ah kar khat (Sept  21-27), chu zoah USA-ah kar hnih (Oct 18- Nov 4) inzin dingin prokram ka siem a, tiket khom ka sukfel vong tah a. Chennai ka pan tawmin Hmar Inpui President Dr. John Pulamte-in a mi hung telefawn a, Shillong tieng Hmar trong thua inpawl khawmna fienriel an buotsai mek thu le chu taka Resource Person pakhat-a an mi ruot thu a mi hung hril a. Kei chun, “To ta, a ni dinga in ruot October 22-24 hi New York-a um dinga prokram ka sukfel sa a na, ka va hung thrang thei hmel naw de! A hmain lo hre lawk met inla chu ni ding maw!” ka ta. Ama chun, “A va zie naw de! Nang a meizàng hlaptu tak dinga ei beisei i ni a, hung thrang hrâm dan lampui hung dap ta la” a ta.  A hnungin David Buhril leh voi hnih voi thum kan hril tlang hnungin, ka USA inzin ding chu son hlain, Seminar-a thrang ngei dingin thutlukna ka siem fel tah a nih.

Fienrielna hmasa tak

            Ka hriet ve phak china chuh, tuta trong thua finrielna buotsai mek hi a hnam pum huopa National-level seminar nei hmasakna tak ding a nih. Tu kum July 18-19, 2013 khan Aizawlah 2-DAY NATIONAL SEMINAR ON MIZO LANGUAGE: CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES & PROSPECTS ti an huoihot a, Resource Person dinga an mi fiel leiin Delhi-a inthokin ka hang thrang ve a, chai ding thupui 20 an thlang suok a    , ka hlawkpui hle. Anni khoma State level-a Mizo trong thua national seminar an nei hmasa tak a nih. Chai ding thu poimaw 20 an thlang suoka inthok hin trong chungchanga hril tlang ding hang tamzie a sukchieng hlein kei chun ka hriet. Chuong sà khom chun 25% vel kan tawk hman naw niin ka hriet.  Ka topic dinga an ruot chu, Mizo language as a Mizo link language ti a ni a, a paper tak chu Saptrongin ka ziek a, ka tiem tak ruok chu Mizo trongin ka ziek thung a. A pahnia inkopin thu mal 6800-a sei a nia chu a tlangpui ringot ka lawr phak den den chauh a nih. Ka sabzek ringot khom hi ni hni sunga chai zo seng chi a ni nawh. Literechar, thu le hla tieng lem chu a ke hmawr khom kan hlim hman naw hrim hrim.

            Eini rawi, ei awm suok thu le hla thra hril ding mumal la nei lo, a inpui nghaktua inngai threnkhat hlak chu A AW B tiem dan le hmang dana la buoi phak chauh nia inlang, trong ziekna hawrop le literechar danglamna khom la hre hrang lo ni hiel awma la trong invai hlak hai dam lem chun ei hma tawn ding hang pikzie hi ei la hmu phak der naw khom a hoi khop el.  Hnam hmangaina nei phak der lo ang ziezanga la khawsa, hieng anga hmasawnna lampui hril le dap dinga finriel rotna dam hi lawmpui neka dodal a, a hma ang boka Inpui khom sukhmasawntu hmangruo neka khaptu kuta hmang nuom pawl ei la um a hoi a, a poi khop el.  Inpuiin hmathlir sukzau a, a theina kong iengkimah hma la a, lampui indika ram le hnam thruoi dinga kal hung pên a, hnam pum huopa trong chungchanga fienrielna a buotsai hi lawm a um takzet a, a hlawtling ngei khom ei ditpui a nih.

Trong rurel

            A bila tho lo ti ang elin, eini rawiin ei trong hung dan le a hung inthrang pei dan hi inbul deua ngaina ei nei leiin, sukhmasawn dinga thrang lak nekin a humhal zawnga thrang lak ei tum a, humhal ding tak  tak ei nei si naw a, ei buoi a nih.  Chuleiin, ei hril tlang ding hmasa tak chu ei trong rurel hung insiem dan, Structure of Hmar Language a nih. A rurel le zierang ei hriet chieng phá phà leh a hmang dan le ziek dan grammar chu Saptrong grammar thlek ni loin ei trong thlek danin fepui ei ta, hung infuk tran a tih.  Tuta china ei thaw tak chu Saptrong grammar durbina inthoka thlir a, an grammar anga ei grammar duong ei tum a, sienkhom diametrically opposite language a ni leiin ei buoi a nih.

            Ei buoina dang pakhat chu ziek zom le ziek zom naw thilah a nih. Ieng leia ei buoi? A san a um a, chu chu ei hriet fie hmasak phot a ngai.  Ei trong hi Chinse tronga inthoka hung peng dar pei lai trong pakhat niin ei hril.  Chu trong chun zierang poimaw pahnih a nei a. Pakhat chu thumal tin umzie le kawk nei, mono-syllabic language a nina hi a nih. Mal tin umze nei trong a ni leiin ziek kop lo vong chu ziek dan ding tlangpui hmasa tak chu a nih. Amiruokchu, thumal pahni pathum kei kopa thumal hlawm khat, umzie le kawk nei (polysyllabic) bik ei siem pha leh chuong thu malhai chu umze hrang seng nei ni hai sien khom ziek kop ding a nih. Entirnan, sa (animal), sakei (tiger),sakkeibaknei (lion. ‘Sa’ hi a root word a ni a, hi le kei kopa thu mal hlawm hung suok za tam tak a um: safie, sakhi, sazuk, savom, saha, saruol, sanghal, sazaw, saphivok, sasen, saza, sabengtung, sakor, saku, saphu, saphai, sanak le a dang dang.

            Zierang pahnina chu thumal ziek dan inang char, sienkhom ei lam rik dan le ei thu hmang kop zira umzie hrang daih nei, phonetic or tonal language a nina chu a nih.  Ri dang dang put, a thren chu lam hni la thuma inri hrang, a thren ruok chu lam ruk chena ri hrang nei a ni a, chuonghai chu risâng (thluksei), rilaihawl (thluksei), rilaihawl (thluktawi), rihnuoi (thluksei), rihnuoi (thluktawi) le rilawn dam a ni a, thlûk sinsiena (diacritic mark) sie a ngai. Tuta china sinsiena ei hmang chu ‘v’ letling ‘^’ chauh a ni a kawk a nei tlawm.

            Chun, ei tronga thil khikhawk deu pakhat chu thumal thumun char ni si, a kawk khom inang char, amiruokchu a hmaa thumal ei lamrik dan dungzuia lam dan danglama lam ngai a um a. Entirnan, Thanga lawmman dong ti le Hlîra lawman dong tia ‘lawmman’ hmasaa ‘lawm’ ti hi rilaihawl thlukseiin feng a ta, lawmman pahnina hi rising thlukseiin fe thung a tih. A san iem ning a ta? A hmaa thumal lam rik khan a hnung ri ding kha a thunun amanih hĕm (control, command) lei a nih. ‘Lawma lawmman dong ding chu a thra” ti-a hin ‘Lawma’ hi thluksei risanga ka lam chun, a zuitu ‘lawm’ khom hi chu ang ri chun a fe a; ‘Lawma’ hi thluksei rilaihawla ka lam chun a zuitu ‘lawm’ khom hi chu ri ang chun feng a tih.

Hmar: Old Kuki Group trong tuolleng

            ‘Hmar’ ti ei hriet le pom dan infuk lo leia Hmar trong trobul le hung inthrang dan ni dinga ei ngai hin  ei pawlitiks le ei trong ei fepui dan a  thruoi leiin, Lusei trong hmangtuhaiin ‘Mizo’ ti umzie an pom dan angin thil a fe a, ei unau danghai, Old Kuki ti hminga an lo kohai kha Hmar pahnam ang mei meia pm tlat tumna a um a, chu chun kâr nasa tak a siem.  Chuong ang bok chun ei trong hmang khom hi ni dingin ei ngai bik. Lusei trong chu link language a hung ni angin, Hmar hnathlakhai trong le Lusei trong inchekpola trong thar hung suok, ‘Khawsak trong’ an ti hlak, a hnunga ‘Hmar trong’ tia hung inthrang suok hi Old Kuki laia trong naupang khom ni sien link language angin a hung um ta a, chu chu ni khat thil thua um thut a ni naw a, san hrang hrang a nei. Chuleiin, Hmar as Old Kuki Link language ti hi thupui taka ei nei a ngai. Chu hrietthiemna chun pawlitiks le ei trong inthrang pei dan ding khom nasa takin thruoi a ta, Hmar hnathlak hmun hrang hranga chenghai lai MIL sabzek la hung pung deu deu bok an tih.

Hawrop siem phuisui sin

            Thla thum an um hman chauh tia misawnarihai hawrop mi siempek, fel hlel deu el ei hmang song rum hi ngaituona hmangtu ta ding chun pom zam el thei chi a ni nawh. Bultranna (elementary tool) dinga an mi duongpek kha a thra takpa sawna humhal tum tlat pawl ei um hi ei thrangmawbawk pakhat a nih. Siemphuisui pei a mamaw a, nuom le nuom naw thu khom a ni nawh. Hawrop inkop AW, CH le NG an lo siem hi bàn a, English/Roman alphabet pop o ei trong thluk mila her le lama hmang ding a nih. Chuleiin, ‘Hawrop siem phuisui’ ti hi thupuia hmanga beipui thlak a, chai tak tak a hun tah.  Hi thupui hnuoia hin AW le O le TR hmang dan chauh khom ni lo, J & Z hmang dan dik, hawrop thrieng (AW,CH, NG) nei a trul le trul naw etc po p Chun, thluk sinsiena (diacritic marks) khom hril sa lo thei lo hung nib ok a tih. Hi sabzek ringot khom hiker pumhlum khoma chai zo seng lo thil a nih.

Trong hmang indik  

            Ei hriet naw lei amanih fimkhur naw leia trongkam a kawk naw zawnga hmang dam, ziek inzom naw ding thu dam le thil dang, common errors suina hi thupuia hmanga ei ngirhmun phor alng hi thil trûl makmaw a nih. Chuong thil chu hril seng lo, indik thlup anga an mi hmangpui, entirnan, “Siloam dilah va sawp rawh” tia trong thiem naw  anga Isu an introngtir dam hi a tam.  Hmai ei phi a, ei sawp ngai nawh.  Ei trong thatzawl chu pulpit a nizie le ei Baibula trong indik lo ei hlu lut po po trongsie chu ei phur a nih ti dam chen hung kang kai a tih. Chu le inzoma trong hmang indik kohranin a ngai poimaw pei theina ding, Mizoram Synod a’n khat tawka an rongbawltuhai an khat tawka trening an pek anga eini khomin ei thaw a trul takzie chenin ei hril phak lem chun, a taka zuk hmang el thei thil tam tak ei hawn ka ring.

Regulatory Body ei mamaw am?

            Ram threnkhata chu trong sukhmasawnna dinga hma nasa taka la a, diksawnari puithu tak tak siemtu dingin Language Regulatory Body sorkarin a nei a, an sor trangkai hle a, ram threnkhata ruok chu sor trangkai nekin konkaw phanain an hmang bok. Trong hin ni tin hma a san a, a’n thlak tung pei a, trong hlui a ral a,a tharin a hung thlak a.Khawsak dan le nun inthlak thleng leia hmang zing ta lo trongkam tam tak chu humhal a, umze thar inputtirin trangkai takin an hmang zui pei a. Chuong ang thawnaa hmangraw poimawhai chu chanchinbu hai, ziek mi hai, thil thar siemtu hai le a  dang dang, an nih.  Chuonghai chu zalen taka an sin inthawtir neka daltu-ah Regulatory Body hi a thrang hlauh thei bok a. Chuleiin, eini khomin Regulatory Body ei mamaw am? ti hi nasa taka  chai a hun tah. Hi thupui hnuoia hin Manipura Hmar Literature Society (HLS) in Regulatory Body anga insie a tum hi ram le hnam ta dinga thil thra a ni le ni naw bakah State danga HLS le an inlaichin dan ding khom hril tlang thei ning a tih.

Translation

            Hieng ei hril tah hai naw khom hi trong sukhmasawnna le humhalna dinga hmangruo poimaw- role of media, church, educational institutions, public  and private organisations and offices, art & culture, reference books, particularly dictionaries etc hril ding a tam. Chu chun literechar huonga Translation poimawzie khom ei la hril phak nawh.  Chutaka chun ei lekhabu tiem rawn tak Baibul khom hung inlang phak a ta, chu thu ringot khom chu kar tam buon tling a nih. Khawvela tu hnam el khom hi thu le hlaa hausa saa pieng an um naw a, dam tea an ngaituona le khawsakna hung changkang pei ruola an trong le an thu le hla khom hung inthrang tung pei a nih.

            Tu hnam khomin mani intodelna tawk thu le hla an nei hma chun, an kawl le kienga hmasawn lem le changkang lemhai thu le hla hawa khawsa an nih. Thu le hla thra, anni ta dinga trangkai dinga an hriethai chu anni trongin an inlet a, chu chun an trong nasa takin a sukhausa pha hlak.  Entirna thra tak nia ka hiet chu Hebrai le Grik tronga inthoka trong hrang hranga Baibul an inlet hi a nih. Chu chu tu laia literechar khawvela hnam hausa taka ngai English hai khom bultrannaa an hmang a nih.  Mizorama khom matriculation-a Lushai Vernacular an hung nei tran khan Kristian Van ram Kawng Zawh (Pilgrim’s Progress) kha textbook-ah an hmang a, keini huna chen khom khan an la hmang a nih. College level-a MIL an hung nei khan Joba lekhabu khom textbook-ah an hmang bok. J.F Laldailova letling Shakespeare drama an hmang nasa bok.

            Kum 1973 khan College level-a hmang ding tiin Rabindranath Tagore-in npbel rprize a hmuna Gitanjali chu Hmar trong kan let a, kum 40 hnungah tu hin College level-ah MIL ei lo nei tah leiin a bua sut dingin buotsai mek a nih. Kum 1962-a Shakespeare drama Julius Caesar kan let ruok kha chu ka hmu zo hri nawh. Translation hi sin hautak a ni a, a ang charin a suok thei naw a a thra lem amanih a thra naw lem a ni ngei ngei. Thaw fuka ei inngai chang vanzawlah ei leng a, a fuk thei der naw chang chun Sheol-a li lut ang thaw a pik a, thuok a’n sam el a nih.

            Literechar bukna lung hmanga bel chieng dawl Hmar tronga translation works ka la hmu naw a, a um a ni khomin a tam ka ring nawh. Ei hmang tak chu BSI sut Baibul hi a ni a, hieng anga Hmar trong suosamna lekhabu ka la hmu ngai nawh. Tu kum 2013-a suok, BSI sut bok, Muolhoi Presbyterian-hai sum bituma thaw kha a trongkam thuom hlui kha inthla el naw sien khom a thu a hung fie ta a, lawm a um takzet a nih. Hmar trong hi a dam khawsuok ding chun Baibul inlet thrat lo thei lo nia kan hriet leiin Delhi Version (2007) hi kan buotsai a nih. Hieng thil dam hi mani trong le Pathien ram hmangaituhai chun a thra lem dan dapa inrawn khawma seminar le worksho nei chur chur awm ei ni veil eh, ei thaw naw chauh khom ni loin, chuong ang thaw rottu thrahnemngaina chu dam le kal pawl ei um hlak.

            Chu indaidanna bang tirdakum tak chu Shillong seminar-cum-retreat hin thriekin hung sukchim sien, hmai intuoa unau inbein, kar nei loin hma ei tawn pei dan ding hril tlangna dawkan hung ni sien nuom a um takzet. Ram le hnam hmasawnna dinga kalchawina hi a umzie hre nuom lo, rulin ‘ka mei sir sien, chuk hrep lang’ a ti anga lo inseu pawl le ha tat ngei pawl an um palh a ni khomin, hnam dam khawsuokna ding zongtu Inpui chun saipui lawna lawn a, lam sira lo inbauhtu uicho ieng zat um hai sien khom, thrahne sip, Kuokluong lal, fam tah, Lalkhum Keivom zai zawmin, HMA TIENG KE PEN EI TU….AW PATHIEN, KAN RAM KAN PEK CHE ti rop zingin. (October 5, 2013, Delhi)

*Keivom is a retired Indian foreign diplomat and well-known author among the Mizo tribes in India.

By Lalruotlien Hmar*, Parbung

In sung a pasie chun harsatna dang dang in a mi bawm hlak a, sungkuo khawm a hlim thei tak tak ngai nawh. Chuong ang bawk in, rambung khawm a pasie vek chun, a rama cheng mipui haiin harsatna le beidawngna chi dang dang haiin an tuom vel hlak a; helna dam, buoina dam, nuor intluokna hai hi a ra suok hlak. Rambung in hieng thil tlung thei dinghai po po laka an veng fimkhur le a pumpel theina ding chun, ei thupui tak, ‘Bu le bala intodel’, hi a ngaipawmaw hle a tul a nih.

Mi hausa khawm, bu fak ding a neinaw chun tam a pumpel thei bik chuong nawh. Chuleiin, fak le dawn nei lo chun, mi pasie le mi hausa, a dam bik ding ei um teu nawh. Eini Kristienhai khawma Pathien kuoma ei hni le ei ngen rawn tak nia ka hriet chu ‘bu’ hi a nih. “Nitin kan fakkhawp bu mi pe la”, tiin, Lal Biekna/Lal Tawngṭai ei hril hlak.

United Nation-in a hril dan chun, nitin hin khawvel mihriem mi 25,000 hai chu ṭam leia thi an nih. Mi hausa khawm bu fak ding a nei naw chun, ṭamin la thi tho a tih. Chuleiin, bu hi chu ei hringna a nih.

Eini tlangrama cheng le tlanglo sin thaw mihai hlak chun, ei lohma tharsuok haiin tlawm tieng a pan pei tah. Chuleiin, fak ding bu zawngin ei in lap rak rak hlaka, sawrkar-pa chu ‘Bupanga’ ei hmang a ṭul ta a nih.

Ei umna India rambung in, liemtah kum 1960’s hun lai khan, state thenkhathai chun lohma suok bu le bal le thlairahai nasa takin an thara, chu hun lai chu “Green Revolution”, tiin History a chen ziek lang hielin alo um a. Lo neitu haiin, nasa taka lohma tharsuok an hau theina ding tiin, Sawrkar Laipui chun loneituhai kuomah, ṭhangpuina hieng, bu chi thalem, khawl, tuilam, hnuoiṭhatna le thil dang danghai a peka. Bu chau ni lovin, wheat le thlaira chi hrang hrang hai khawm nasa taka tharsuokin alo um a nih. Hieng ang thil hi, Punjab, Haryana le Western Utter Pradresh ahai alo um tah. Ei ram ahin, hieng anga Sawrkar thiltum le ruongam hai dam hi, lo neituhai ta ding hin um thei sien chu ava ṭha awm de aw!

Vawisun ni chen hin, ei rambung chu bu le bal tieng, an todel ta em em a. Ni danga, rambung dan,g hieng Canada le US hai anthawka bu alo inchawk hlak kha tawp sanin, tuhin chu ei rambung hin, rambung hrang hrang hai a pek suok ve ta lem a nih. Khawvel hrietin India chu bu le bal thil ah antodel ti ani lai zing hin, a rama cheng mihriem 26% hai chun, nikhata bu vawihni khawm fa phak mumal lovin, Below Poverty Line (BPL) ngir hmunah an um ve thung. Chu hri chun Tipaimukh biela cheng mipuihai khawm ami tawk phak (affect) zing a. Ei MLA, ei khawtlang thuoituhai le hnam hmangaitu han mi uoksak hram naw hai sienla lem chu, a fur a ṭhalin ei ṭam ngat ngat el ding a nih; ei lo tharsuok bu le balhai hlak chun tlawmtieng a pan pei ta bawk leiin.

Food Security: Food Security ei ti hin, ṭam pumpel theina tina nisien a awm tak awm. Miin, Food Security a nei ding chun, thil chi thumhai hi enkhina in hmang a nih.

1. Bu le bal a um am (Food Availability)
2. Bu le bal a dawng am (Food Accessibility)
3. Bu le balhai chu a chan ding tawk a dawng am (Food Appropriateness), tihai hi an nih.

Food security ei nei theina ding chun bufai / food hai ei godown ahai ei seklawk a ngai a. Bufaihai chu, a rate controla ei inchawk a ngai bawka. Central sawrkar chun, lo neitu haiin, an lohma rasuok an zawr nuomhai in chawa a siena ṭha taka siema a tulna tieng tienga pesuoktu dingin, Agency a siem chu Food Corporation of India FCI an ti hi a nih. Lo neituhai lohma tharsuokhai chu Sawrkar chun Minimum Support Price (MSP) siem in, FCI hai ta dingin an chawk pek hlak. Bufai an chawk khawl hai chu Sawrkar bawkin rate fixed-a siemin (chu chu Issue Price an tih) a ṭulna hmun hmun ahai a supply hlak. FCI a inthawka supply ei dawnghai hi Fair Price Shop or Ration Shop haiin mipuihai kutah zawr suokna sin an thaw ding a nih. Chu fe dan chu Public Distribution System eiti hi a nih. Fair Price Shop or Ration Shop ei ti hi khawpui ahai, khawte ahai a um vawng ding ti a ni bawk a. Thil zawrhai khawm market rate neka tlawm ani bawk ding a nih. Chu dawra supplyhai inchawkna dingin in tin in Ration Card nei ei ta, chu Card entirnan, AAY, BPL, APL Card neihai chun an quota ang peiin an lak ding a nih.

State ṭhen ṭhen ahai chun, Food Security hi an ngai pawimaw em em a. Chuleiin, Cooperative societies hai dam siemin khawsung mipui harsatna hai nasa takin an sawk zang khai hlak. Entirna’n, Delhi a Mother Dairy ti a society indin hai chun, bawngnene product le hmeruohai control rate in mipuihai kuomah an zawr dawk a nih. Hieng ang bawkin, Gujarat-a Amul co-operative indin in a um.

Naute kum 5 hnuoi mihai, nu nau vawn laihai, le kum upa hai hin fak ṭha an mamaw bik zuol a. Anni hai ta ding bik in, sawrkar chun Food Security Program a siem peka. Chuonghai chu, ICDS le Mid Day Meal Program hai an nih. Hienghai baka khawm hin, Annapurna ei ti le AAY ei tihai khawm a um bawk a.

Inhma chun, ei umna Manipur ram khawm hi bu le bal thil a chu an todel em em hlak a. State dang danghai khawma an mi hung pur hlak kha alo nih. Nisienlakhawm, kum iemani chen a inthawk hin bu le bal thila hin tharsuok ei nei tlawm ta em em a, a State sawrkar khawmin a harsatpui ta hiel a nih. PDS khawm hi a Sate sawrkar chun, theitawp a hma lak a tum zing laiin, harsatna dang dang a tuok hlak leiin, mumal takin a fepui thei naw nisien a hawi. Ramhnuoimi, phairam le tlangrama umhai dam, transport harsatna lei dam, thawktu ringum nawna lei dam le Monopolist hai lei hin suk chiaiin a um hlak anga hril a nih.

Bu le bal thu a hin mitin in thuneina le chanvo “Right to Food” ei nei seng a. Chuleiin, “Right to food” ei ti hih, mihriemhai ta dinga Rights a bulṭhut ti in la indik a tih. Kum 2000 a UNDP Report dung zuiin, khawvel mihriem thina tuokhai laia a zatve hai chu, fak le dawn tlaksam lei le fakṭha dawng phak lo leia tlung a nih, tiin a hril. Miin a taksa ta dinga a mamaw le a ṭul zat fakṭha annawleh vitamin hai a fak naw leiin, sungkhaw, malaria, khawsikpui, thakpher le natna dang danghai a hung invawiin thlanmuol an liem tir hlak. Khawvel pumpui mihriem 925 million hai lai 7 billion mihriemhai chun an mamaw tawk fak ding ṭha dawng/hmu phak lo an nih. (UNFAD 2010 Report)

Right to Food: Mi piengken, kut le ke bawng, fak le dawn zawng thei talo khawm nisien, a hringna dinga fak le dawn a fak le a dawn chu a piengpui Rights a nih.

Rights to Food Under International Law: Khawvel pumpui dan ah, Right to Food hi Indopui-II zo khan UN General Assembly Resolution 3 hnuoia Human Rights dan zama a umna Article 25 a chun tarlang a nih. International Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) 1966, an hmangna a ,chun Right to Food hi tluong taka phursuok a ni theina dingin policy a zam a. Chuonghai chu:

I. Rambung hrang hrang ahai le khawvel pumpui a, bu-le bal thila an todel theina dingin, bu le bal tlosuok rawn dan ding ngaituo a, technical le scientific hrietna hai le khawl ṭhalem hai hmang rawn ding.
II. Rambung hrang hrang hai ṭhangruola, bu le bal thua harsatna tuok rambunghai ṭhangpuina pek.
III. ‘Nutrition’ fak le dawn tha, mihriemin a pawimaw danghai inchukna le hrilhrietna tieng thua nasa nawk zuola hma lak tumna.

Ṭam hi ei lo hma tharsuok (Production) tlawm lei an nawh a,ei dawng ding ang (accessibility) ei nei/hmu ṭhatnaw lei a nih – Amartya Sen

(Millenium Development Goal (MDG) – Reducing the percentage of hungry people to half its value by 2015)

National Food Security (NFS) Act, 2010: National Food Security (NFS) Act, 2010 hi hmang ṭan hung ni vak tang a tih. Sawrkar laipui a Bill an putluot laiin, ennawnatu dingin tuta President Pranab Mukherji inrawina hnuoiah Minister rawikhat hai le National Advisory Council (NAC) ṭhangthlang dinga ruot an nih.. Hi Act in a goal tak chu “Food for all and forever” ti a nih.

Food Security Act fe pui tum dan le hmang tum dan hi, mithiem thenkhat hai chun an sawisel zeu zeu a. “Food Security chu Public Distribution System (PDS) chau inkawktir thei ni naw nih. Fak le dawn tha (Nutrition) hai khawm a huomsa ding a nih. Chu umzie chu Food-cum-Nutrition security dam ti thei dinga induong lem nisien”, ti hai hih an sawiselna thu ṭhenkhat chu a nih [K.R.Vendugoppal. IAS (Rtd) Formerly Secretary to the Prime Minister and Special Rapporteur, National Human Rights Commission].

Thurawn pakhat nawk thung chu, insung pakhatin food security a nei ti hrietna ding chu, Food (Bu le bal) le inzawma scheme dang a dawng vena kha a nih. Entirna’n, AAY a dawnga or IAY le TPDS hai a dawng ṭhanaw alo ni chun food security a nei ti thei ni nawng a tih. Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) huong sunga household (inkhat) pakhat peiin bufai 35 kgs thlatin a dawng ding a nih. Schemes hieng ICDS, MDM, MGNREGS, AAY, Annapurna, NOAPS ahai hin bu le bal thuhai a ṭhangsa vawng leiin.

TPDS, AAY le Annapurna Schemes: TPDS in a tarlang dan chun inkhatin bufai average 60 kgs thlakhat a dingin a dawng dinga ti ana. Hieng ang deu hih MGNREGS hnuoia khawm bu le bal dawng thei dan a um bawk a. Ni 100 an hlawna a khan nitin 2.5 kg chu cereal wage component a ni ding a nih. Cereal ei ti hai chu machi, tlaimu hme chi etc.

India sawrkar chu AAY le Annapurna scheme (TPDS le thangkawpin) dawng thei dinga a tihai chu:

1. BPL sungkuo hai laia a pasie zuol bikhai, neilo, tlanglo sin thaw mihai, thirsutuhai, carpenters hai, hmeithai hai, tlangram a mi le phairam hai a huom sa veve.
2. Insunga pakhat mihriem kum 60 chungtieng in a enkawl, hmeithai, piengken, natna kumhlun nei.
3. Primitive tribal insung – AAY scheme hnuoia bufai inkhatin thlakhata a dawng thei zat chu, 35 kg @ Rs.4 per kg a nih.
4. Kum upa (senior citizen), kum 65 chungtieng hai, NOAPS la dawng lohai chun thlakhata bufai 10 kg mi pakhatin a tlawn in dawng thei an tih.

India mipuihai, abikin, mi pasie zuol bikhai ta dingin, bu le bal thil le inzawm schemes le program iemanizat a um a. Naute sikul la kailo hai huong sunga ding, sikul naupang huong sunga ding, nupui, pitar, putar huongsung a ding hai popo hi tha taka implement ani phat chu, mipui haiin bufai le civil supply hai ei in deinaw vet hi, zangkhai pha hleng a tih.

(July 6, 2013. Parbung)