TUKVER HRANG HRANG-2

By Pu L.Keivom*, Inpui Columnist

Pawlitiks tukver

Kum 1939 July 15 khan Manipur sim thlang Pherzawl tlangah British-India khuo le tuiin ka hung pieng a. Manipura pieng ka ni leiin ‘Manipuri’ inti ding ni awm tak ka ni a, sienkhom ka tlangmi chanpui danghai ang bokin Manipuri inti ngai lo ka nih. A san chu ka khaw hrieta inthoka tu chen hin ‘Manipuri’ ti chu Meitei le an trong hmang kawka ngaina le siena a um tlat lei a nih. Ka phung (identity) miin an min don changin, “Manipura inthoka hung Hmar-Mizo ka nih” tiin ka hril hlak. Assam rama inthoka hung, entirnan Bengali le hnam dang tam tak chu Assamese an ni tlat naw ang hi a nih. Burma ram, kum 1990 a Myanmar tia an thlaka khom hin ‘Burmese’ (Myanmarese) ei tihai hi tlangmi ni lo phaimi, ei tronga ‘Kawl mi’ ei tihai hi an ni a, tlangmi State pasari- Arakan, Chin, Kachin, Karen, Shan, Kayah & Mon-a inthoka hunghai hin ‘Kawl mi’ an inti ngai nawh. Kong khata chu thil buoithlak le vangduoithlak tak a nih.

Hi thil hi ieng leia um am ning a ta ti ei sui chun, a ram neitua insiehaiin an ram hminga anni hnam hming inbuk a, an ram huop sunga cheng hnam hrang hrang hai chu hnam khat le trong khat hmanga indin suok dinga varna le hmathlir an nei tawk naw lei a ni nuom khop el. USA chun khawvel hmun tin le hnam tina inthoka hung fuon khawm, a rama chenghai chu ‘American’-in a siem vong a, chu chu nina an suong tak khom a ni bok. Lusei lalhai, abikin Sailo lalhai kha an lo var khop el. An inlalna hnuoia hnam chi hrang hrang hai hui khawm a, trong khat hmang hnama indin suok dan an thiem bakah an hnam hming a ram hminga an lo sie khom chu a sunga cheng hnamhai po po huop thei ding hminga an hung thlak pei leiin, chu chun a tawpah Mizoram a hung hring suok a nih.

Hmar hnathlak pahnam hrang hrang, G.A.Grierson-in Linguistic Survey of India-a hnam hlawm khat ‘Old Kuki’ hnuoia a siehai chu Zo hnathlakhai laia thlang tla hmasa, Tripura, Manipur, Assam le Chittagong Hill Tracts chena inzar darh an nih. Sienkhom, mani pahnam bing senga insungkhum le puon indelkil an ching leiin, India hmar saka State lien pawl tak nei thei ding kha mani hminga ram chikte khom suol suok loin tu chen hin an la um zing a nih. Chu chu a poizie hrea insiem thrat tum nekin hnam binga dam khawsuokna zongin an inlap a, a ra suok chu kholbing le chin zuol deuh deuh a nih. Mizoram level-a takngiel khom kha hmaa pawlitiks phusaa thruoitu le nina poimaw chel phak hlak kha SHDC bawkte-ah lu inthir rakin an inhnaw khawm a, an hmathlir khom bui mei nek daiin a tawi deu deu a hoi. Chu lungril chun kohranah zie a thlak a, pawl hrang hranga intel khawm let letin an inbakkei a, chuong ang pawla hotu ni dam chu inzakuma ngai ta nek hmanin indu phanain an la hmang nawk nghal! Thlirna tukver a chîn tlat chun ngaituona sukthlek khom a lo chîn naw thei nawh.

Kholbing tukver

India ramin kum 1947-a zalenna a hmu tawm ruoi lai chen khan eini rawi chun pawlitiks hi a rim a ra ei la hriet phak nawh. Kum 1946-a Mizo Union a hung pieng khan ramhmangpuia varung inlusu thrawng tho ang elin ei har phut a, ei himna ding hmuna tlan lut dan zongin ei inphi ruoi a. Biel hrang hranga thre dara lo um tah, lu innghatna ding tak tak nei si lo ei ni leiin, ei himna tak dinga inlang chu ei unau Lushai Hills (tuta Mizoram) a chenghai leh tuolkhata insung khawm a, ‘Mizo Sorkar’ siem chu a nih. Chuong lai chun Mizo Union-a a lusa le phusa pawl laia mi, Zo hnathlakhai insuikhawma Greater Mizoram indin dinga khektu rawl poimaw laia pakhat ei nih. Chuong hun laia Mizoram puo tienga a phûr zuol tak le bei nasa tak chu ei inbuk khawm rawnna taka ngai, Tipaimukh Biel, Hmar Area tia ei ko hi a nih. Hieng lai hmun hi chinin lien sien, khawvela Hmar hnathlak po poin ei ram bika ei ngai, ‘Ka ram” ei ti thei um sun chu a nih.

Amiruokchu, ei tukver a la chin a, ei tarmit bun a la fie tawk naw leiin thil hmu threlh lien tak pathum ei nei a. Pakhatna, Zo hnathlakhai po po inthuruola beipui thlak naw chun Manipura inthoka eini chauh suok tum chu thil thei lo tluk a nih. Ei satthlak thei khom lo ni ta hrim sien, sorkar rikawta Hmarhai chengna khuo tam lem chu Kuki lalhai inlalna hnuoia um a ni leiin anni le thrang ruol lo chun thil thaw thei lo a ni bok. Chuong lai le tu lai chen khom, Manipur tlangram zaa sawmnga chuong hi Kuki lalhai hnuoia um a nih. Anni rawi sakhuo hmasa tak chu inlal a ni leiin, Mizo Union thupui tak, lal ban le sukbo chu an thil nuom lo hulhuol a nih. Chuleiin, Mizo Union vung vanglaia a ramri vai tan zawnga ri ei siem rak khan umzie a nei tlawm. Lal tam lem kha Manipur sorkar ta dinga enthlatu-ah an inchang lem hlauh a nih. A hnung, 1960-a Kuki-Hmar buoina khom kha iemani chenah hieng lai thil le intringmit hi a nih.

Pahnina, Manipura Naga hnam ni lo po ei inthuruol thei naw a ni khoma kongro ei suk ding a ni chun Churachandpur Biela chenghai po bek hi ei inthuruol thrap a ngai. Chu chu voisun chen khom hin a poimaw dan a la danglam chuong nawh. Amiruokchu, kristien sakhuo hung putluttu Watkin Roberts (Saptlangval) hung khing thlatu H.H.Coleman-in dawha vervek hmanga inzomkhawm thei lo dinga a mi lo thre dar vong tah ei ni leiin, inlungruol chu mang rama um a ni ta si. Coleman Factor lei hin kum 2010-a Manipur sim thlang biela Gospel Centenary chen khom a ni inruola hmang thei lo ei nih.

Pathumna, British hun laia ramri an lo khang tah kha nuom ela thriek thei a ni nawzie ei hriet chieng naw leiin beisei ei lo suksang taluo a, chu chun lunghnurna nasa tak a hring suok a, unau le unau inkarah chadan inthuk tak a siem bok a nih. Hi taka inthok hin Mizo Union pawl le Rochunga Pudaite party indin Hmar National Congress (HNC) pawlin ei hung inthre tah a nih. July 3, 1945-a Parbung khuoa an inkhawmpui hmasa taka chun HNC indin an rel bakah an thurel pakhatnaa chun “Hi kawnferen hin Hmar hai delna ram po, Manipur, Churachandpur, Lushai Hills le North Cachar Hills ami satthlak a, district pakhat a siem dingin States Re-organisation Commission hai kuomah Memorandum peklut a remti” ti a ni bakah chu chu pe lut dinga Delhi-a palai tir le an fena ding sum khon an rel thluk bok a nih. Chu chu hnam bil pawlitiks kholbinga ei hung lut tran dan chu a nih. Chu ruol chun hnam binga kohran intel khawm sinah ei pu a, a por chu nasa tak a nih.

Hieng lai huna hin propaganda indik lo tak pahnih an lo the dar a, chuonghai chu hang tar lang vak ei tih. Mizo Union inrui pawlin ri an siem leiin Manipur Chief Minister Maharaj Kumar Priya Brata Singh chu Parbungah a fe a. Buoina siem loa an inhnukkir chun ‘Regional Council’ pek a nuom thu le Mizo Union thruoituhaiin anni mihai le insuikhawm an thlang lem leia an hnawl thu hril rik a um a. Hi hi thudik a ni le ni naw P.B.Singh dam lai ngei mi ringum threnkhatin an indon chieng a, a nui a’n za hle. Sienkhom, mihriem hin ei ring nuom zawng chu khêl buru khom ni sien ei chel tlut hlak angin, hi invethlemna thu hi mi tam tak lungrilah a la riek tlat chu tie!

Hi le inzoma nuor thusim ei inzawt rop chu Mizo Union thruoituhaiin an mi uksak naw lei le dawhaa an mi thaw leia ei tum hlen lo anga inhril a nih. Tu chen hin an mi dit naw leia mi thlauthlak anga ngaina hi thri be china inngaihai lai khom a thi thei nawh. Ei hang ngaituo chîk ruok chun pawlitiks tieng ei mawl lei le eini dawi sa vek ei fak leia thil um a ni si. Ri ei siem met leia ramri hlun vai tan thei dinga ei lo inringna kha pawlitiks inlumlet dan a A AW B ei hriet naw luot lei a ni a, ei nuomna le phurna kha ngaisang a um hle lai zingin ei mawl dan ruok kha chu a taluo deuh a nih. Tu chen khom hin voi khat voi hnih silai hang hmet puoka ram thar kap suok el dinga inngai pawl ei la um chu tie! Mawlna chimbuk kara ei tukver hi zauh lien a va trûl de aw!

Chun, Mizo Union hotuhaiin an mi phurpui le hrilpui rak leia Manipura inthoka sat thlaka Mizorama kop el thei dinga ei lo inbeisei khan, anni rawi, eini ang thisen le ngaituona put ve kha, Pathien ang thawthanga thilthawthei dingin ei ngai tina a ni bok. Naupang laia ei pahaiin iengkim thaw thei dinga ei ring ang khom hi a hoi khop el. British hun laia Manipur ramri an lo khampek kha tu chen hin thriek danglam a la ni nawh. Manipur ram ni si Tuivai kuol Mizorama an lo sung lut le Kabaw phairuom Kawl lal kuta an lo pek khom kha sukdanglam a la ni naw zing. India ramin zalenna a suol tran laia inthoka zalenna lo suol tah Nagahai khomin Greater Nagaland an satpui rak leiin Manipur ram inchi khat khom an la lak hek nawh. Mizo Union thruoituhai laka beisei ei lo suksang taluo leia lunghnûr mei mei ei nih. Kum 1966-a Laldenga inrawina hnuoia silai le beipui an thlak khom khan kum sawmhni lai hiel aw sien khom Mizoram ramri inchi khat khomin an zauh bel nawh.

Chu chu ei hril leiin, ramri hi thlak thei lo a nih ei tina a ni nawh. Khawvelah ramri hlun a um nawh; ami chenghai dit dan anga inher danglam pei a nih. Chu ding chun hmathlir sei tak neia var thiem taka a lampui ding duong lawk a ngai. Greater Mizoram ei ti vet khom hi a taka a pieng hmain lungril ramah damtea a hung pieng le inthranglien hmasak phot a ngai. Chu chu a nih Zoram khawvel thiltum le hmathlir.

District hlimthla

Hmar National Congress le Mizo Union pawl khata insung khawma 1959-a Hmar National Union (HNU) a hung pieng kum kha D.M.College-a ka kai tran kum a ni a. Khang hun laia kan inruipui tak, khuoizu anga hung far thla el dinga beiseina bana kan lo ban hlak chu Hmar Autonomous District a nih. District hang nei inla chu khawvela hin duthusam kim hiel dingin kan ring hlak. Kei lem chun 1960 khan mang ramah Sinlung Thar chu indinin,

Pipu chena ropui relna Khaw Sinlung,

Changram hnuoia buonlei lo chang ta hnung;

Din tharin chung van hnuoi singmi tin karah,

A sakhmingah “Khaw Sinlungmawi” kan tih

tiin hla ka phuok hiel a nih. Chuong lai chun Khawpuibunga Hmangaithang Pa, hieng thil lo invet chilh ve chun nau pasal a nei a, a hmingah ‘Sinlungthang’ a phuok top el a nih.

Khang laia kan phurna pang sa kha a sosang hle a, mihriem siem thermometer-a hang inkhi ngaina a um nawh. Chuong laia HNU President chu Selkai Hrangchal a ni a. Imphalah a hung inzin chang College-a inchuklaihai khan Hmar Company-ah kan va pawl a, zer far duon duon khopin a titi kan ngaithlak hlak. Naupang lai polio invoi leia ke khing tieng rê a ni leia inbai lau laua lawn hlak kha District kal rema pênin kan hmu a, mawi kan ti hlie hlie hlak a nih.

Tuibum le Tuizang chep de kara um Pherzawl tlanga inthokin Tuithraphaiah, chu taka inthokin Imphal phairuomah hang leng hnung chun khawvel ka thlirna tukver khom a hung danglam hret hret a. Mani khuoa M.E.School-a Headmaster ni nuomna dam, Churachandpur-a Sub Divisional Officer amanih le District chitea District Commissioner (Borsap) ni chakna dam kha damten a hung re a, mani State-a inleng lo khopa ngirhmun siem nuomna lungrilin a hung thlak a. A tawpah, khawvel lien lemah India ram aiawa palai ngirhmun hang chel hnung meuh chun tukver hrang hranga inthokin khawvel inlumlet dan hi ka hung thlir ve ta a. Hnama dam khawsuok ding chun lien lema insuikhawm a trulzie dam, khawvel indawrna bazara lem chu a ram buk buka inzom khawm naw chun ram hausa le thilthawthei lem haiin nuom nuomin an mi sop ziel el a nih ti dam ka hung hmu chieng a. Chu tukvera inthok chun District ti dam chu a sip sam khom hmu phak a ni ta naw hrim hrim a nih. Chuleiin, sutria khuo tieng suok chang khomin pawlitiks tieng ei hril pha chu ni dang angin titi a khuongruol thei ta nawh. A threnin silai le kap suok an tum lem lem hi chu pangzat nekin nuizat a um lem a, sienkhom tlang taka ngaidan hrilna ngam khom a ni ta nawh.

Thlirna tukver thar

Ram le hnam ei ti hih ei sam zing hlea chu a hrilfiena ziek ding ni inla, ei thlirna tukver zirin a ram pum huop, a State huop, a District huop, a Sub-division huop, a bielte Circle huop, a khaw huop, sungkuo bing huop a ni thei. Bel lien taka bel chin lem inthuo bit mar ang deuh hi a nih. Bel tin kha an poimaw vong laiin an poimaw dan le hmang tlak dan a’n ang thei nawh. Ram le hnam insersuon dan khom hi chuong ang chu a ni leiin, bêl chin na nâ nà chun a keng tlawm tlat leiin naupang inkhuol-tehlemnaa ding naw chun hmangna ding a tlawm. District-in umzie a nei tlawm a, mani intodel lo State khomin umzie a phur tlawm a, a phur tlawm tiel tiel pei ding a nih.

Kutdaw sungkuo nekin mani intodel sungkuo chun inza an phur bakah thil khom an thaw thei lem leiin mi ngaisang an hlaw. India hmar sak rama kutdaw State pasari zet ei neihai hi a neituhai chun ei suong hle khom a ni thei. Sienkhom, mi inza ei phur naw a, phur tlak ei ni bok nawh. Chuong ang char chun a sunga kutdaw autonomous districts ei neihai khom hi an nih. Tu kut hnuoia um am an na? Sum petu Sorkar Laipui ti pawl um ei ta, sumdawng hausa mi tlawmte, abikin Marwarihai ti pawl um bok ei tih. A petu chu a hmasa lem, a chalaitu chu a nuhnung lem ti inla, khel hril ni kher nawng ei tih. Eini rawi chun an dawkana bei nawi tla hlek ei lo dong ve chauh ang a nih.

An leh, Marwari ei tihai hi tu hai am an na, ti ei ngaituo hlak am? Rajasthan-a District pakhat Marwar-a inthoka hung, sumdawng an thiem leia khawvel hmun tin dapa inzar an nih. Sumdawnga Kolkata hung tla luthai khan Bara Bazar-ah hmun nghet tak an khuor a, chu taka inthok chun a se vela ram po po sumdawngna hnarpui an chalai a nih. Hnam hminga an put tah ‘Marwari’ ti khom hi Bengalihai kona hming an put song a nih. Khawvela Marwari um po po zat tiem chie um naw sien khom maktaduoi ruk vel chauh ni dinga ngai a nih. Kolkata le a se vel State hrang hrang, abikin India hmar sak tienga sumdawngna chalaituhai hi an tam lai tak khom nuoi hni vel chauh ni dinga ngai a nih. Chuong mi tlawmtehai chu India rama chauh khom ni lo, khawvel ram bung hrang hranga sumdawngna hnarpui poimaw cheltu laia mi an nih. Indiaa ngat lem chu an sum hmangin pawlitiks khawlpui hi an nuom dan ang angin an invirtir el a nih.

A thren chun ‘intamchilh pawlitiks’ an hril mawi. Hmun threnkhata chu indikna chin khom um mei a tih. Amiruokchu, intodel thei si loa insukpung chu kutdaw, siehlaw, vakvai, rukru le goonda (hel pawl chenin) insiem rawnna chauh a nih. Tu lai khawvela hin thiemna le chu taka inthoka suok hausakna naw chun hma nor kuok thei a ni nawh. Nuom se êk tamin thu a phur nawh. India rama hnam tlawmte ‘Parsi’ ei tihai hi thri be chin chun a hre naw ei um ka ring nawh. Iran (Persia) rama Zoroastrian sakhuo zui pawl, suknomnatna an tuok leia India rama hung inpem an nih. Thiemna le hausakna tieng ruol khûm khopa insang an ni leiin, ram inchi khat khom anni hmingin nei naw hai sien khom hriet hlaw pawl tak an nih. An tlawmzie hlak chu, ieng lai khomin nuoi hni chuong an ni ngai naw a, a kum telin an tlawm deu deu. Indian Prime Minister hlui Indira Gandhi pasal Feroze Gandhi kha Parsi a ni a, a naupa Rajiv Gandhi le a tupa Rahul Gandhi hai khom hi an ni vong. An tlawma chu an buk a rik.

Mani intodel thei ngirhmuna ei insiem hin ram le hnam bulthrut nghet ei rem a nih. Chu tukvera inthok chun ei hma tieng hi ei thlir lem nuom a um tah. Ei nunghak-tlangval haiin thiem taka lekha inchuk a, sin thra an hmu zat hin District thar ei indin a nih. Chuonghai chu sungkuo, khawtlang, ram le hnam siemtu kut le ke an ni leiin tlawmngaina nopui indomtir ding an nih. Tlawmngaina ei hril fie dan khom hi ei ngirhmun thar tonin a phut ang peiin thlak danglam a ngai. Inchukna tienga thaw thrahai hi tlawmngaina tonlairang intontir ei tiu. Ei buonhai hi ral le sa huoi an ni ta naw a, ei mi huoisen le ral hrathai chu inthimna le mawlna ram sut hongtu, hrietna ram va paw a, thiemna tienga dikri le ngirhmun inzaum tak tak hung hawntuhai hi an ni ta lem. Chun, ram le hnam siem ei ti hih kut tirdakum hmanga suma intham kuok ni loin, indikna, taimakna le thrahnemngaina lungril nghet taka intùna sungkuoa inthoka intran a ni naw chun a ziksuok tak tak thei nawh.

Pathienin Joshua kuoma, “Kea in sirna taphot chu pe vong ka ti cheu” (1:3) a ti kha a tak ngeia ei nuna la lutin, khaw lai khom ei umna taphot chu neitu chan changin, ta cheiin chei ei tiu. Ei ram del chin ei soisak dan le suosam dan hi enin, neitu nina lungril ei put tak tak nawh ti a chieng. Ram ei raw dur dur el dam hi lainat a um. Israel ramah inzin la, Judahai le Palestina mihai ram hluo chin i hriet nuom chun tu indon buoi khom ngai loa hriet dan a um. Judahai hluo chin chu hring dup a ta, Palestina mihai hluo chin chu trawl bor bor a tih. A hmasa hin neitu chan changin, duot takin a ram chu a enkol a, a nuhnung ruok chun chuong ang chun a duot ve nawh.

Sinlung Hills Development Council (SHDC) chu ieng anga ngirhmun inhnuoia intran khom ni sien, neitu chan chang a, tâ taka a hluotuhaiin an enkol phot chun a hmu taphot inhnar ning a ta, ngirhmun insang lema hlangkai khom roreltuhai ta dingin chakum hlie hlieng a tih. Sienkhom, nuizatbura an siem ruok chun mi endong le hmusit hlawng a tih. Tuta china SHDC an enkol dan hi enin lainat a um a, roreltuhai zing thophang lungmawlin District dam lo pe pal an tih ti ei inlaupui nuom el a nih.

Chu hlimthla chu Tipaimukh Dam boruoka hin chieng ém èmin a hung inlang mek a. Ei hnot tlang tak chu Esau anga bu voi khat faka ei upatna le rohluotu nina zor hmang a nih. Tipaimukh Dam hi hnam riralna dinga mankhawng trium am, hnama dam khawsuokna kotsuo lem ding? Ei kutah ditthlangna ei nei am? Chu zawna chu hun remchangah tukver hrang hranga inthoka thlirin ei la buon pei ding a nih.

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[*Editor's Note: INPUI columnist Pu Keivom is a retired Indian Foreign Service officer, respected Hmar Mizo litterateur and author of 'Zoram Khawvel' series. This article is dated May 26, 2010, Delhi].